Related papers: Electric charge assignment in quantum field theori…
Novel Lagrangians are discussed in which (non-abelian) electric and magnetic gauge fields appear on a par. To ensure that these Lagrangians describe the correct number of degrees of freedom, tensor gauge fields are included with…
We consider a supersymmetric extension of quantum gauge theory based on a vector multiplet containing supersymmetric partners of spin 3/2 for the vector fields. The constructions of the model follows closely the usual construction of gauge…
The Standard Model of the electroweak and strong interactions of particle physics is a quantum field theory. Elementary particles are not indivisible `pieces' of matter but energy bundles of fields, whose properties and interactions are a…
We study a model of massive photons with a parity invariant and non-local mass term. We identify a discrete symmetry of the classical equations of motion and show that this symmetry can be thought of as an electric-magnetic duality valid…
In the context of the PT-symmetric version of quantum electrodynamics, it is argued that the C operator introduced in order to define a unitary inner product has nothing to do with charge conjugation.
Quantum Electrodynamics can be formulated as the theory of an antisymmetric tensor gauge field. In this formulation the topological current of this field appears as an additional source for the electromagnetic field. The topological charge…
In this brief report, apart from the usual approach, we discriminate among models in the class of \textbf{$SU(4)_{L}\otimes U(1)_{Y}$} electro-weak gauge models by just setting the versors in the method of the exactly solving gauge models…
This work studies the connection of the global properties of the SM gauge group to 1-form discrete symmetries, the possible non-Abelian embeddings of the SM group, and electric and magnetic charge quantisation. Building on previous work, we…
The duality symmetry between electricity and magnetism hidden in classical Maxwell equations suggests the existence of dual charges, which have usually been interpreted as magnetic charges and have not been observed in experiments. In…
Non-manifest symmetries are an important feature of quantum field theories (QFTs), and yet their characteristics are not fully understood. In particular, the construction of the charge operators associated with these symmetries is…
These notes are intended to provide an introduction to supersymmetry. The notes begin with supersymmetric quantum mechanics and the basic properties of spinor fields. The supersymmetry of simple theories of spin-zero and spin-one-half…
The Standard Model is one of the main intellectual achievements for about the last 50 years, a result of many theoretical and experimental studies. In this lecture a brief introduction to the electroweak part of the Standard Model is given.…
We study a novel type of extensions of the Standard Model which include a hard mass term for the U(1) gauge field and, optionally, the additional scalar multiplets spontaneously violating the electric charge conservation. Contrary to the…
By using the two 4-dimensional potential formulation of electromagnetic (EM) field theory introduced in [1], we found that the SO(2) duality symmetric EM field theory can be reduced to the magnetic source free case by a special choice of…
Quantum electrodynamics describes the interactions of electrons and photons. Electric charge (the gauge coupling constant) is energy dependent, and there is a previous claim that charge is affected by gravity (described by general…
In these lectures we give an introduction and overview of the electroweak standard model (EWSM) of particle physics. We first introduce the basic concepts of quantum field theory necessary to build the EWSM: abelian and non-abelian gauge…
A new method to calculate the electric field inside a spherical shell with surface charge in terms of solid angle is presented. The integral can be readily carried out without invoking special functions typically used for this classical…
In models with flat extra dimensions tiny Dirac neutrino masses can be generated via the coupling of four dimensional Standard Model fields to a higher dimensional fermion. Here we argue that, in spite of the Dirac nature of the neutrino,…
We obtain electric charge quantization in the context of models based on the gauge symmetry group SU(3) X SU(4) X U(1). The gauge models studied include three families to cancel out anomalies and a set of scalar fields to break…
We formulate a theory of classical electrodynamics where the only admissible electric charges are topological singularities in the electromagnetic field, and charge quantization is accounted by the Chern theorem, such that Dirac magnetic…