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The planar Tur\'a number of a graph $F$ is the maximum number of edges an $n$-vertex $F$-free planar graph can have. We study the case where $F$ is forbidden as an induced subgraph, thereby introducing the induced planar Tur\'a numbers. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Ervin Győri , Hilal Hama Karim

We consider finite simple graphs. Given a graph $H$ and a positive integer $n,$ the Tur\'{a}n number of $H$ for the order $n,$ denoted ${\rm ex}(n,H),$ is the maximum size of a graph of order $n$ not containing $H$ as a subgraph. Erd\H{o}s…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-03 Pu Qiao , Xingzhi Zhan

Alon, Balogh, Keevash and Sudakov proved that the $(k-1)$-partite Tur\'an graph maximizes the number of distinct $r$-edge-colorings with no monochromatic $K_k$ for all fixed $k$ and $r=2,3$, among all $n$-vertex graphs. In this paper, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-25 József Balogh , Hong Liu , Maryam Sharifzadeh

The Tur\'an number of a graph $F$, $ex(n,F)$, is the maximum number of edges in a graph on $n$ vertices which does not contain $F$ as a subgraph. Let $S_{a,b}$ denote a double star with a central edge $uv$, $a$ leaves connected to $u$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-20 Ping Hu , Ting Lan

We study the Tur\'an number of long cycles in random graphs and in pseudo-random graphs. Denote by $ex(G(n,p),H)$ the random variable counting the number of edges in a largest subgraph of $G(n,p)$ without a copy of $H$. We determine the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-29 Michael Krivelevich , Gal Kronenberg , Adva Mond

The Tur\'{a}n number $ex(n,H)$ of a graph $H$ is the maximum number of edges in any $H$-free graph on $n$ vertices. The triangular pyramid of $k$-layers, denoted by $TP_k$, is a generalization of a triangle. The Tur\'an problems of a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Hangdi Chen , Yaojun Chen , Xiutao Zhu

A graph is color-critical if it contains an edge whose deletion reduces its chromatic number. This class of graphs, including cliques and odd cycles, plays a central role in extremal graph theory. In this paper, following an influential…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Longfei Fang , Yongtao Li , Huiqiu Lin , Jie Ma

Given a graph $F$, we define $\operatorname{ex}(G_{n,p},F)$ to be the maximum number of edges in an $F$-free subgraph of the random graph $G_{n,p}$. Very little is known about $\operatorname{ex}(G_{n,p},F)$ when $F$ is bipartite, with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-29 Gwen McKinley , Sam Spiro

If $\mathcal{F}$ is a family of graphs then the Tur\'an density of $\mathcal{F}$ is determined by the minimum chromatic number of the members of $\mathcal{F}$. The situation for Tur\'an densities of 3-graphs is far more complex and still…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-03-12 Rahil Baber , John Talbot

We study the extremal problem that relates the spectral radius $\lambda (G)$ of an $F$-free graph $G$ with its number of edges. Firstly, we prove that for any graph $F$ with chromatic number $\chi (F)=r+1\ge 3$, if $G$ is an $F$-free graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-22 Yongtao Li , Hong Liu , Shengtong Zhang

The classical spectral Tur\'{a}n problem is to determine the maximum spectral radius of an $\mathcal{F}$-free graph of order $n$. Zhai and Wang [Linear Algebra Appl, 437 (2012) 1641-1647] determined the maximum spectral radius of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-08 Mingsong Qin , Dan Li

The cube Q is the usual 8-vertex graph with 12 edges. Here we give a new proof for a theorem of Erd\H{o}s and Simonovits concerning the Tur\'an number of the cube. Namely, it is shown that e(G) < n^{8/5}+(2n)^{3/2} holds for any n-vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-07-04 Zoltán Füredi

In 1964, Erd\H{o}s proposed the problem of estimating the Tur\'an number of the $d$-dimensional hypercube $Q_d$. Since $Q_d$ is a bipartite graph with maximum degree $d$, it follows from results of F\"uredi and Alon, Krivelevich, Sudakov…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-01-23 Oliver Janzer , Benny Sudakov

The famous Tetrahedron Conjecture of Tur\'an from the 1940s asserts that the number of edges in an $n$-vertex $3$-graph without the tetrahedron, the complete $3$-graph on four vertices, cannot exceed that of the balanced complete cyclic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-19 Levente Bodnár , Wanfang Chen , Jinghua Deng , Jianfeng Hou , Xizhi Liu , Jialei Song , Jiabao Yang , Yixiao Zhang

The generalized Tur\'an problem $ext(n,T,F)$ is to determine the maximal number of copies of a graph $T$ that can exist in an $F$-free graph on $n$ vertices. Recently, Gerbner and Palmer noted that the solution to the generalized Tur\'an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-12-07 Kyle Murphy , JD Nir

An ordered graph $H$ on $n$ vertices is a graph whose vertices have been labeled bijectively with $\{1,...,n\}$. The ordered Ramsey number $r_<(H)$ is the minimum $n$ such that every two-coloring of the edges of the complete graph $K_n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-31 Will Overman , Jeremy F. Alm , Kayla Coffey , Carolyn Langhoff

Over recent years there has been much interest in both Tur\'an and Ramsey properties of vertex ordered graphs. In this paper we initiate the study of embedding spanning structures into vertex ordered graphs. In particular, we introduce a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-17 Jozsef Balogh , Lina Li , Andrew Treglown

For two $s$-uniform hypergraphs $H$ and $F$, the Tur\'{a}n number $ex_s(H,F)$ is the maximum number of edges in an $F$-free subgraph of $H$. Let $s, r, k, n_1, \ldots, n_r$ be integers satisfying $2\leq s\leq r$ and $n_1\leq n_2\leq…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-04 Erica L. L. Liu , Jian Wang

A cograph is a graph that contains no induced path $P_4$ on four vertices or equivalently a graph that can be constructed from vertices by sum and product operations. We study the bipartite Tur\'an problem restricted to cographs: for fixed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-22 Jakob Paul Zimmermann

We start a systematic investigation concerning bipartite Tur\'an number for trees. For a graph $F$ and integers $1 \leq a \leq b$ we define: $(i)$\quad $ex_b(a, b, F)$ is the largest number of edges that an $F$-free bipartite graph can have…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-14 Yair Caro , Balázs Patkós , Zsolt Tuza