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The spread of a graph $G$ is the difference $\lambda_1 - \lambda_n$ between the largest and smallest eigenvalues of its adjacency matrix. Breen, Riasanovsky, Tait and Urschel recently determined the graph on $n$ vertices with maximum spread…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-10 George Brooks , William Linz , Linyuan Lu

We show that for every $n$-vertex graph with at least one edge, its treewidth is greater than or equal to $n \lambda_{2} / (\Delta + \lambda_{2}) - 1$, where $\Delta$ and $\lambda_{2}$ are the maximum degree and the second smallest…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-15 Tatsuya Gima , Tesshu Hanaka , Kohei Noro , Hirotaka Ono , Yota Otachi

We study learning-augmented streaming algorithms for estimating the value of MAX-CUT in a graph. In the classical streaming model, while a $1/2$-approximation for estimating the value of MAX-CUT can be trivially achieved with $O(1)$ words…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Yinhao Dong , Pan Peng , Ali Vakilian

Let $G$ be a simple, connected graph and let $A(G)$ be the adjacency matrix of $G$. If $D(G)$ is the diagonal matrix of the vertex degrees of $G$, then for every real $\alpha \in [0,1]$, the matrix $A_{\alpha}(G)$ is defined as…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-25 Mainak Basunia , Iswar Mahato , M. Rajesh Kannan

The primary aim of this paper is to establish bounds on the joint spectral radius for a finite set of nonnegative matrices based on their diagonal elements. The efficacy of this approach is evaluated in comparison to existing and related…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-15 Vuong Bui

The scope of this text is to study a process that induces another proof of the Spectral Embedding Theorem: that any densely defined symmetric operator can be extended by a multiplication operator through an embedding of the Hilbert space…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-29 Fabrice Nonez

For a graph $G$, let $\lambda_1(G)$ and $\lambda_2(G)$ denote the largest and the second largest adjacency eigenvalue of $G$. The sum $\lambda_1(G) + \lambda_2(G)$ is called the \emph{spectral sum} of $G$. We investigate the spectral sum of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-16 Hitesh Kumar , Bojan Mohar , Shivaramakrishna Pragada , Hanmeng Zhan

Spectral properties of bounded linear operators play a crucial role in several areas of mathematics and physics. For each self-adjoint, trace-class operator $O$ we define a set $\Lambda_n\subset \mathbb{R}$, and we show that it converges to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-03 Richárd Balka , Gábor Homa , András Csordás

Consider an $n \times n$ matrix polynomial $P(\lambda)$. A spectral norm distance from $P(\lambda)$ to the set of $n \times n$ matrix polynomials that have a given scalar $\mu\in\mathbb{C}$ as a multiple eigenvalue was introduced and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2014-11-17 Esmaeil Kokabifar , G. B. Loghmani , A. M. Nazari , S. M. Karbassi

Finding reliably and efficiently the spectrum of the resonant states of an optical system under varying parameters of the medium surrounding it is a technologically important task, primarily due to various sensing applications.…

Optics · Physics 2023-09-28 S. F. Almousa , E. A. Muljarov

We study the $L^2$ spectral gap of a large system of strongly coupled diffusions on unbounded state space and subject to a double-well potential. This system can be seen as a spatially discrete approximation of the stochastic Allen-Cahn…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-16 Giacomo Di Gesù , Dorian Le Peutrec

We give an upper bound on the largest eigenvalue of a graph of given order, size, and girth.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Nikiforov

We study the largest eigenvalue of a Gaussian random symmetric matrix $X_n$, with zero-mean, unit variance entries satisfying the condition $\sup_{(i, j) \ne (i', j')}|\mathbb{E}[X_{ij} X_{i'j'}]| = O(n^{-(1 + \varepsilon)})$, where…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-02-10 Debapratim Banerjee , Soumendu Sundar Mukherjee , Dipranjan Pal

Let G be a graph with n vertices and mu(G) be the largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of G. We study how large mu(G) can be when G does not contain cycles and paths of specified order. In particular, we determine the maximum spectral…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-01 Vladimir Nikiforov

We investigate spectral properties of planar Moran measures $\mu_{\{M_n\},\{D_n\}}$ generated by sequences of expanding matrices $\{M_n\}\subset GL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ and digit sets $\{D_n\}\subset\mathbb{Z}^2$, where each digit set has the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-21 Jing-Cheng Liu , Qiao-Qin Liu , Jun Jason Luo , Jia-jie Wang

Let $G$ be a graph with adjacency matrix $A(G)$ and degree diagonal matrix $D (G)$. In 2017, Nikiforov [Appl. Anal. Discrete Math., 11 (2017) 81--107] defined the matrix $A_\alpha(G) = \alpha D(G) + (1-\alpha)A(G)$ for any real…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-01 Xichan Liu , Ligong Wang

In this work we analyze basic properties of Random Apollonian Networks \cite{zhang,zhou}, a popular stochastic model which generates planar graphs with power law properties. Specifically, let $k$ be a constant and $\Delta_1 \geq \Delta_2…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2011-06-10 Alan Frieze , Charalampos E. Tsourakakis

Calculating the diameter of an undirected graph requires quadratic running time under the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis and this barrier works even against any approximation better than 3/2. For planar graphs with positive edge…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Michał Włodarczyk

Sublinear time algorithms for approximating maximum matching size have long been studied. Much of the progress over the last two decades on this problem has been on the algorithmic side. For instance, an algorithm of Behnezhad [FOCS'21]…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Soheil Behnezhad , Mohammad Roghani , Aviad Rubinstein

The spectral radius of a graph is the largest modulus of an eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix. Let $\mathcal{C}_{n, e}$ be the set of all the connected simple graphs with $n$ vertices and $n - 1 + e$ edges. Here, we solve the spectral…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Ivan Damnjanović