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Autoformalization, the process of translating informal statements into formal logic, has gained renewed interest with the emergence of powerful Large Language Models (LLMs). While LLMs show promise in generating structured outputs from…
XML database query languages have been studied extensively, but XML database updates have received relatively little attention, and pose many challenges to language design. We are developing an XML update language called Flux, which stands…
The ODRL language has become the standard for representing policies and regulations for digital rights. However its complexity is a barrier to its usage, which has caused many related theoretical and practical works to focus on different,…
XrML is becoming a popular language in industry for writing software licenses. The semantics for XrML is implicitly given by an algorithm that determines if a permission follows from a set of licenses. We focus on a fragment of the language…
Language students are most engaged while reading texts at an appropriate difficulty level. However, existing methods of evaluating text difficulty focus mainly on vocabulary and do not prioritize grammatical features, hence they do not work…
Interpretability or explainability is an emerging research field in NLP. From a user-centric point of view, the goal is to build models that provide proper justification for their decisions, similar to those of humans, by requiring the…
Despite being an essential step in software development, writing requirements specifications is frequently performed in natural language, leading to issues like inconsistency, incompleteness, or ambiguity. The ITLingo initiative has…
Large language models (LLMs) have recently been adapted to tabular prediction by serializing structured features into natural language, but their performance in low-data regimes remains limited compared to gradient-boosted decision trees…
JSON Schema is the de facto standard for describing the structure of JSON documents. Reasoning about JSON Schema inclusion -- whether every instance satisfying a schema S1 also satisfies a schema S2 -- is a key building block for a variety…
Individuals with intellectual disabilities often have difficulties in comprehending complex texts. While many text-to-image models prioritize aesthetics over accessibility, it is not clear how visual illustrations relate to text…
This paper addresses the challenge of improving information retrieval from semi-structured eXtensible Markup Language (XML) documents. Traditional information retrieval systems (IRS) often overlook user-specific needs and return identical…
The expression problem describes a fundamental tradeoff between two types of extensibility: extending a type with new operations, such as by pattern matching on an algebraic data type in functional programming, and extending a type with new…
There have been many proposals for access control models and authorization policy languages, which are used to inform the design of access control systems. Most, if not all, of these proposals impose restrictions on the implementation of…
For optimization models to be used in practice, it is crucial that users trust the results. A key factor in this aspect is the interpretability of the solution process. A previous framework for inherently interpretable optimization models…
We present a framework for formal software development with UML. In contrast to previous approaches that equip UML with a formal semantics, we follow an institution based heterogeneous approach. This can express suitable formal semantics of…
Safety and assurance standards often rely on the principle that requirements errors can be minimised by expressing the requirements more formally. Although numerous case studies have shown that the act of formalising previously informal…
We consider unordered XML, where the relative order among siblings is ignored, and propose two simple yet practical schema formalisms: disjunctive multiplicity schemas (DMS), and its restriction, disjunction-free multiplicity schemas (MS).…
When developing devices, architectures and services for the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) world, manufacturers or integrators must be aware of the security requirements expressed by both laws and specifications. To provide tools guiding…
Formalisation is the process of writing system requirements in a formal language. These requirements mostly originate in Natural Language. In the field of Formal Methods, formalisation is often identified as one of the most delicate and…
Personalizing Large Language Model (LLM) agents requires conditioning them on user-specific data, creating a critical trade-off between task utility and data disclosure. While the utility of adding user data often exhibits diminishing…