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Recent studies on encrypted control using homomorphic encryption allow secure operation by directly performing computations on encrypted data without decryption. Implementing dynamic controllers on encrypted data presents unique challenges…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-14 Junsoo Kim , Farhad Farokhi , Iman Shames , Hyungbo Shim

Protecting the parameters, states, and input/output signals of a dynamic controller is essential for securely outsourcing its computation to an untrusted third party. Although a fully homomorphic encryption scheme allows the evaluation of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-04 Kaoru Teranishi , Tomonori Sadamoto , Kiminao Kogiso

This paper is about an encryption based approach to the secure implementation of feedback controllers for physical systems. Specifically, Paillier's homomorphic encryption is used to digitally implement a class of linear dynamic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-27 Julian Tran , Farhad Farokhi , Michael Cantoni , Iman Shames

Encrypted controllers using homomorphic encryption have proven to guarantee the privacy of measurement and control signals, as well as system and controller parameters, while regulating the system as intended. However, encrypting dynamic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-21 Sebastian Schlor , Frank Allgöwer

In this paper, we present a method to encrypt dynamic controllers that can be implemented through most homomorphic encryption schemes, including somewhat, leveled fully, and fully homomorphic encryption. To this end, we represent the output…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Joowon Lee , Donggil Lee , Junsoo Kim , Hyungbo Shim

Encrypted control enables confidential controller evaluations in cloud-based or networked control systems. From a technical point of view, an encrypted controller is a modified control algorithm that is capable of computing encrypted…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-07 N. Schlüter , M. Neuhaus , M. Schulze Darup

In this paper, we propose methods to encrypted a pre-given dynamic controller with homomorphic encryption, without re-encrypting the control inputs. We first present a preliminary result showing that the coefficients in a pre-given dynamic…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-15 Shuai Feng , Qian Ma , Junsoo Kim , Shengyuan Xu

This paper presents a secure and private implementation of linear time-invariant dynamic controllers using Paillier's encryption, a semi-homomorphic encryption method. To avoid overflow or underflow within the encryption domain, the state…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-06-24 Carlos Murguia , Farhad Farokhi , Iman Shames

Encrypted dynamic controllers that operate for an unlimited time have been a challenging subject of research. The fundamental difficulty is the accumulation of errors and scaling factors in the internal state during operation.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-28 Sebastian Schlor , Frank Allgöwer

This paper considers a tracking control problem, in which the dynamic controller is encrypted with an additively homomorphic encryption scheme and the output of a process tracks a dynamic reference asymptotically. Our paper is motivated by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-30 Shuai Feng , Junsoo Kim

In this paper, we propose an encrypted dynamic controller that executes an unlimited number of recursive homomorphic multiplications on a Ring Learning With Errors (Ring-LWE) based cryptosystem without bootstrapping. The proposed controller…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-30 Yeongjun Jang , Joowon Lee , Seonhong Min , Hyesun Kwak , Junsoo Kim , Yongsoo Song

The cryptosystem based on the Learning-with-Errors (LWE) problem is considered as a post-quantum cryptosystem, because it is not based on the factoring problem with large primes which is easily solved by a quantum computer. Moreover, the…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2021-01-11 Junsoo Kim , Hyungbo Shim , Kyoohyung Han

Homomorphic encryption (HE) applied to a networked controller enables secure operation, but in most cases it allows for addition and multiplication over integers only, because of computation efficiency. Several related results deal with…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-01 Junsoo Kim

Although encrypted control systems ensure confidentiality of private data, it is challenging to detect anomalies without the secret key as all signals remain encrypted. To address this issue, we propose a homomorphic encryption scheme for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-22 Yeongjun Jang , Joowon Lee , Junsoo Kim , Takashi Tanaka , Hyungbo Shim

Given one open-loop measured trajectory of a single-input single-output discrete-time linear time-invariant system, we present a framework for data-driven controller design for closed-loop finite-horizon dissipativity. First, we parametrize…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-09 Nils Wieler , Julian Berberich , Anne Koch , Frank Allgöwer

While computation-enabled cryptosystems applied to control systems have improved security and privacy, a major issue is that the number of recursive operations on encrypted data is limited to a finite number of times in most cases,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-25 Deuksun Hong , Donghyeon Song , Mingyu Jeong , Junsoo Kim

Encrypted control employs homomorphic encryption (HE) to protect both the computation and communication stages, making it a promising approach for secure networked control systems. Most existing results pre-design a controller in the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-17 Yeongjun Jang

We consider the problem of designing robust state-feedback controllers for discrete-time linear time-invariant systems, based directly on measured data. The proposed design procedures require no model knowledge, but only a single open-loop…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-27 Julian Berberich , Anne Romer , Carsten W. Scherer , Frank Allgöwer

The growing interconnectivity in control systems due to robust wireless communication and cloud usage paves the way for exciting new opportunities such as data-driven control and service-based decision-making. At the same time, connected…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-09 Nils Schlüter , Junsoo Kim , Moritz Schulze Darup

Presented is an algorithm to synthesize an infinite-horizon LQR optimal feedback controller for continuous-time systems. The algorithm does not require knowledge of the system dynamics, but instead uses only a finite-length sampling of…

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