English

Comparison and performance analysis of dynamic encrypted control approaches

Systems and Control 2025-10-21 v1 Cryptography and Security Systems and Control Optimization and Control

Abstract

Encrypted controllers using homomorphic encryption have proven to guarantee the privacy of measurement and control signals, as well as system and controller parameters, while regulating the system as intended. However, encrypting dynamic controllers has remained a challenge due to growing noise and overflow issues in the encoding. In this paper, we review recent approaches to dynamic encrypted control, such as bootstrapping, periodic resets of the controller state, integer reformulations, and FIR controllers, and equip them with a stability and performance analysis to evaluate their suitability. We complement the analysis with a numerical performance comparison on a benchmark system.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2510.17333,
  title  = {Comparison and performance analysis of dynamic encrypted control approaches},
  author = {Sebastian Schlor and Frank Allgöwer},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.17333},
  year   = {2025}
}
R2 v1 2026-07-01T06:47:09.622Z