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The inhomogeneous cosmological reionization process leaves tangible imprints in the intergalactic medium down to z=4-5. The Lyman-alpha forest flux power spectrum provides a potentially powerful probe of the epoch of reionization. With the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Renyue Cen , Patrick McDonald , Hy Trac , Abraham Loeb

Previous studies have noted difficulties in modeling the highest opacities of the $z>5.5$ Ly$\alpha$ forest, epitomized by the extreme Ly$\alpha$ trough observed towards quasar ULAS J0148+0600. One possibility is that the most opaque…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-15 Fahad Nasir , Anson D'Aloisio

The transmission of Lyman-{\alpha} (Ly{\alpha}) in the spectra of distant quasars depends on the density, temperature, and ionization state of the intergalactic medium (IGM). Therefore, high-redshift (z > 5) Ly{\alpha} forests could be…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-07 Yuxiang Qin , Andrei Mesinger , Sarah E. I. Bosman , Matteo Viel

The Lyman-$\alpha$ forest of high redshift quasars is a powerful probe of the late stages of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), particularly through the presence of Gunn-Peterson troughs. These troughs span a broad range of lengths (up to…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-18 Benedetta Spina , Sarah E. I. Bosman , Barun Maity , Frederick B. Davies

Three independent observational studies have now detected a narrow (\Delta z ~ 0.5) dip centred at z=3.2 in the otherwise smooth redshift evolution of the Lya forest effective optical depth. This feature has previously been interpreted as…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 James S. Bolton , S. Peng Oh , Steven R. Furlanetto

The Lyman-$\alpha$ forest opacity fluctuations observed from high-redshift quasar spectra have been proven to be extremely successful in order to probe the late phase of the reionization epoch. For ideal modeling of these opacity…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-28 Barun Maity , Frederick Davies , Prakash Gaikwad

We calibrate here cosmological radiative transfer simulation with ATON/RAMSES with a range of measurements of the Lyman alpha opacity from QSO absorption spectra. We find the Lyman alpha opacity to be very sensitive to the exact timing of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-23 Jonathan Chardin , Martin G. Haehnelt , Dominique Aubert , Ewald Puchwein

Recent observations of the Lyman-alpha forest show large-scale spatial variations in the intergalactic Lyman-alpha opacity that grow rapidly with redshift at z>5, far in excess of expectations from empirically motivated models. Previous…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-02 Anson D'Aloisio , Matthew McQuinn , Hy Trac

We analyze the Ly alpha forest properties of a sample of 15 high redshift quasars lying between z = 4.42 and z = 5.75, using high signal-to-noise spectra obtained with ESI on the Keck II 10 m telescope. The distribution of transmissions in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Antoinette Songaila , Lennox L. Cowie

High-redshift QSO spectra show large spatial fluctuations in the Ly-alpha opacity of the intergalactic medium on surprisingly large scales at z>~5.5. We present a radiative transfer simulation of cosmic reionization driven by galaxies that…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-03-06 Girish Kulkarni , Laura C. Keating , Martin G. Haehnelt , Sarah E. I. Bosman , Ewald Puchwein , Jonathan Chardin , Dominique Aubert

Recent JWST observations at $z > 6$ may imply galactic ionizing photon production above prior expectations. Under observationally motivated assumptions about escape fractions, these suggest a $z \sim 8-9$ end to reionization, in tension…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-15 Christopher Cain , Garett Lopez , Anson D'Aloisio , Julian B. Munoz , Rolf A. Jansen , Rogier A. Windhorst , Nakul Gangolli

It is generally taken for granted that reionization has completed by z=6, due to the detection of flux in the Lyman alpha forest at redshifts z<6. However, since reionization is expected to be highly inhomogeneous, much of the spectra pass…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Andrei Mesinger

The Lyman alpha (Lya) forest in the spectra of z>5 quasars provides a powerful probe of the late stages of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). With the recent advent of exquisite datasets such as XQR-30, many models have struggled to reproduce…

The physical conditions of the intergalactic medium (IGM) during the final stages of cosmic reionization ($z\sim5.0-6.0$) are not yet fully understood. Recent reports of unexpectedly large-scale ($\ge 150 h^{-1}\mathrm{cMpc}$) correlation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-12 Barun Maity , Frederick B. Davies , Benedetta Spina , Sarah E. I. Bosman

The amplitude of the ionizing background that pervades the intergalactic medium (IGM) at the end of the epoch of reionization provides a valuable constraint on the emissivity of the sources which reionized the Universe. While measurements…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-28 Frederick B. Davies , Joseph F. Hennawi , Anna-Christina Eilers , Zarija Lukić

We use cosmological hydrodynamical simulations to assess the feasibility of constraining the thermal history of the intergalactic medium during reionisation with the Ly$\alpha$ forest at $z\simeq5$. The integrated thermal history has a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-31 Fahad Nasir , James S. Bolton , George D. Becker

We present the first constraints on the electron optical depth to reionization, $\tau_{\mathrm{e}}$, from the Lyman-$\alpha$ forest alone for physically motivated reionization models that match the reionization's end-point, $z_{\rm{end}}$,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-02 Olga Garcia-Gallego , Vid Iršič , Martin G. Haehnelt , James S. Bolton

We study the evolution with redshift of the number density of Ly$\alpha$ clouds in a CDM model using numerical simulations including photo-ionization and cooling of the baryonic component. The photo-ionizing flux is consistently taken as…

Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-17 Jan P. Mücket , Patrick Petitjean , Ronald E. Kates , Rüdiger Riediger

The Lyman-alpha forest is the large-scale structure probe for which we appear to have modeling control to the highest wavenumbers. This makes the Lyman-alpha forest of great interest for constraining the warmness/fuzziness of dark matter…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-27 Bayu Wilson , Vid Iršič , Matthew McQuinn

We measure the intergalactic medium (IGM) opacity in the Ly$\alpha$ as well as in the Ly$\beta$ forest along $19$ quasar sightlines between $5.5\lesssim z_{\rm abs}\lesssim 6.1$, probing the end stages of the reionization epoch. Owing to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-08-14 Anna-Christina Eilers , Joseph F. Hennawi , Frederick B. Davies , Jose Oñorbe
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