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Related papers: Highness properties close to PA-completeness

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We provide a detailed study of two properties of spaces and pairs of spaces, the surjection property and the epsilon-surjection property, that were recently introduced to characterize the notion of computable type arising from computability…

General Topology · Mathematics 2024-07-10 Djamel Eddine Amir , Mathieu Hoyrup

It is well-known that the first order Peano axioms PA have a continuum of non-isomorphic countable models. The question, how close to being isomorphic such countable models can be, seems to be less investigated. A measure of closeness to…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-08-30 Tapani Hyttinen , Jouko Väänänen

We consider the computation of the volume of the union of high-dimensional geometric objects. While showing that this problem is #P-hard already for very simple bodies (i.e., axis-parallel boxes), we give a fast FPRAS for all objects where…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2010-06-09 Karl Bringmann , Tobias Friedrich

When model uncertainty is handled by Bayesian model averaging (BMA) or Bayesian model selection (BMS), the posterior distribution possesses a desirable "oracle property" for parametric inference, if for large enough data it is nearly as…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-05 Wenxin Jiang , Cheng Li

The classic model of computable randomness considers martingales that take real or rational values. Recent work by Bienvenu et al. (2012) and Teutsch (2014) shows that fundamental features of the classic model change when the martingales…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-04-16 Ron Peretz

Higher-order recursion schemes are a higher-order analogue of Boolean Programs; they form a natural class of abstractions for functional programs. We present a new, efficient algorithm for checking CTL properties of the trees generated by…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-12-25 M. M. Lester , R. P. Neatherway , C. -H. L. Ong , S. J. Ramsay

Continuous first-order logic is used to apply model-theoretic analysis to analytic structures (e.g. Hilbert spaces, Banach spaces, probability spaces, etc.). Classical computable model theory is used to examine the algorithmic structure of…

Logic · Mathematics 2008-06-04 Wesley Calvert

The information in an individual finite object (like a binary string) is commonly measured by its Kolmogorov complexity. One can divide that information into two parts: the information accounting for the useful regularity present in the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Paul Vitanyi

We show that every strongly jump-traceable set obeys every benign cost function. Moreover, we show that every strongly jump-traceable set is computable from a computably enumerable strongly jump-traceable set. This allows us to generalise…

Logic · Mathematics 2011-10-10 David Diamondstone , Noam Greenberg , Daniel Turetsky

In ring theory, the lifting idempotent property (LIP) is related to some important classes of rings: clean rings, exchange rings, local and semilocal rings, Gelfand rings,maximal rings, etc. Inspired by LIP, there were defined lifting…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-01-21 Daniela Cheptea , George Georgescu

Ramsey theory looks for regularities in large objects. Model theory studies algebraic structures as models of theories. The structural Ramsey theory combines these two fields and is concerned with Ramsey-type questions about certain…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-05-22 Matěj Konečný

A type-2 computable real function is necessarily continuous; and this remains true for relative, i.e. oracle-based computations. Conversely, by the Weierstrass Approximation Theorem, every continuous f:[0,1]->R is computable relative to…

Logic · Mathematics 2015-03-19 Arno Pauly , Martin Ziegler

A set $X \subseteq 2^\omega$ with positive measure contains a perfect subset. We study such perfect subsets from the viewpoint of computability and prove that these sets can have weak computational strength. Then we connect the existence of…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-11-05 Chitat Chong , Wei Li , Wei Wang , Yue Yang

The superamalgamation property is a strong form of the amalgamation property which applies to ordered structures; it has found many applications in algebraic logic. We show that superamalgamation has some interest also from the pure…

Logic · Mathematics 2023-06-13 Paolo Lipparini

A set $A$ of integers is called total if there is an algorithm which, given an enumeration of $A$, enumerates the complement of $A$, and called cototal if there is an algorithm which, given an enumeration of the complement of $A$,…

Logic · Mathematics 2017-02-10 Takayuki Kihara

Some Goedel centenary reflections on whether incompleteness is really serious, and whether mathematics should be done somewhat differently, based on using algorithmic complexity measured in bits of information. [Enriques lecture given…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 G. J. Chaitin

This paper defines a new notion of bounded computable randomness for certain classes of sub-computable functions which lack a universal machine. In particular, we define such versions of randomness for primitive recursive functions and for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Sam Buss , Douglas Cenzer , Jeffrey B. Remmel

We investigate the connection between measure, capacity and algorithmic randomness for the space of closed sets. For any computable measure m, a computable capacity T may be defined by letting T(Q) be the measure of the family of closed…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Douglas Cenzer , Paul Brodhead , Ferit Toska , Sebastian Wyman

Randomized higher-order computation can be seen as being captured by a lambda calculus endowed with a single algebraic operation, namely a construct for binary probabilistic choice. What matters about such computations is the probability of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Ugo Dal Lago , Claudia Faggian , Simona Ronchi Della Rocca

We prove that the existence of finite combinatorial objects such as affine planes, mutually orthogonal Latin squares, and resolvable balanced incomplete block designs can be reformulated as the existence of certain algorithmic reductions…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Damir D. Dzhafarov , Jun le Goh