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A hole in a graph is a chordless cycle of length at least 4. A theta is a graph formed by three paths between the same pair of distinct vertices so that the union of any two of the paths induces a hole. A wheel is a graph formed by a hole…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-23 Marko Radovanović , Nicolas Trotignon , Kristina Vušković

A theta is a graph formed by three paths between the same pair of distinct vertices so that the union of any two of the paths induces a hole. A wheel is a graph formed by a hole and a node that has at least 3 neighbors in the hole. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-23 Marko Radovanović , Nicolas Trotignon , Kristina Vušković

We present a construction called layered wheel. Layered wheels are graphs of arbitrarily large treewidth and girth. They might be an outcome for a possible theorem characterizing graphs with large treewidth in terms of their induced…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Ni Luh Dewi Sintiari , Nicolas Trotignon

A wheel is a graph that consists of a chordless cycle of length at least 4 plus a vertex with at least three neighbors on the cycle. It was shown recently that detecting induced wheels is an NP-complete problem. In contrast, it is shown…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-27 Frédéric Maffray

A {\em theta} is a graph made of three internally vertex-disjoint chordless paths $P_1 = a \dots b$, $P_2 = a \dots b$, $P_3 = a \dots b$ of length at least~2 and such that no edges exist between the paths except the three edges incident to…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Marcin Pilipczuk , Ni Luh Dewi Sintiari , Stéphan Thomassé , Nicolas Trotignon

We prove that if a graph contains the complete bipartite graph $K_{134, 12}$ as an induced minor, then it contains a cycle of length at most~12 or a theta as an induced subgraph. With a longer and more technical proof, we prove that if a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Maria Chudnovsky , Meike Hatzel , Tuukka Korhonen , Nicolas Trotignon , Sebastian Wiederrecht

We prove a decomposition theorem for graphs that do not contain a subdivision of $K_4$ as an induced subgraph where $K_4$ is the complete graph on four vertices. We obtain also a structure theorem for the class $\cal C$ of graphs that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-10 Benjamin Lévêque , Frédéric Maffray , Nicolas Trotignon

A {\em hole} is a chordless cycle of length at least four. A hole is {\em even} (resp. {\em odd}) if it contains an even (resp. odd) number of vertices. A \emph{cap} is a graph induced by a hole with an additional vertex that is adjacent to…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-11-02 Shenwei Huang , Murilo V. G. da Silva

An ISK4 in a graph G is an induced subgraph of G that is isomorphic to a subdivision of K4 (the complete graph on four vertices). A wheel is a graph that consists of a chordless cycle, together with a vertex that has at least three…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-02-09 Martin Milanič , Irena Penev , Nicolas Trotignon

A \emph{hole} in a graph is an induced cycle with at least 4 vertices. A graph is \emph{even-hole-free} if it does not contain a hole on an even number of vertices. A \emph{pyramid} is a graph made of three chordless paths $P_1 = a \dots…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-12-25 Maria Chudnovsky , Stéphan Thomassé , Nicolas Trotignon , Kristina Vušković

A hole in a graph is an induced subgraph which is a cycle of length at least four. We prove that for every positive integer k, every triangle-free graph with sufficiently large chromatic number contains holes of k consecutive lengths.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-02-13 Alex Scott , Paul Seymour

An even hole is an induced chordless cycle of even length at least four. A diamond is an induced subgraph isomorphic to K_4-e. We show that graphs without even holes and without diamonds can be decomposed via clique-separators into graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-04-21 Ton Kloks

A {\em hole} in a graph is an induced subgraph which is a cycle of length at least four. A hole is called {\em even} if it has an even number of vertices. An {\em even-hole-free} graph is a graph with no even holes. A vertex of a graph is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-18 Maria Chudnovsky , Paul Seymour

A wheel is a graph formed by a chordless cycle and a vertex that has at least three neighbors in the cycle. We prove that every 3-connected graph that does not contain a wheel as a subgraph is in fact minimally 3-connected. We give a new…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-10 Pierre Aboulker , Frédéric Havet , Nicolas Trotignon

A hole is a chordless cycle with at least four vertices. A hole is odd if it has an odd number of vertices. A dart is a graph which vertices $a, b, c, d, e$ and edges $ab, bc, bd, be, cd, de$. Dart-free graphs have been actively studied in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-30 Chính T. Hoàng

A hole in a graph $G$ is an induced cycle of length at least four, and an even hole is a hole of even length. The diamond is the graph obtained from the complete graph $K_4$ by removing an edge. A pyramid is a graph consisting of a triangle…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-06 Tara Abrishami , Maria Chudnovsky , Sepehr Hajebi , Sophie Spirkl

A \emph{wheel} is a graph formed by a chordless cycle $C$ and a vertex $u$ not in $C$ that has at least three neighbors in $C$. We prove that every 3-connected planar graph that does not contain a wheel as an induced subgraph is either a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-04-09 Pierre Aboulker , Maria Chudnovsky , Paul Seymour , Nicolas Trotignon

A hole is a chordless cycle with at least four vertices. A pan is a graph which consists of a hole and a single vertex with precisely one neighbor on the hole. An even hole is a hole with an even number of vertices. We prove that a (pan,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-03-01 Kathie Cameron , Steven Chaplick , Chinh T. Hoang

Truemper configurations are four types of graphs (namely thetas, wheels, prisms and pyramids) that play an important role in the proof of several decomposition theorems for hereditary graph classes. In this paper, we prove two structure…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-23 Emilie Diot , Marko Radovanović , Nicolas Trotignon , Kristina Vušković

A 4-wheel is a graph formed by a cycle C and a vertex not in C that has at least four neighbors in C. We prove that a graph G that does not contain a 4-wheel as a subgraph is 4-colorable and we describe some structural properties of such a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-04-19 Pierre Aboulker
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