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We theoretically study high-harmonic generation (HHG) from solids driven by intense laser pulses using a one-dimensional model periodic crystal. By numerically solving the time-dependent Schr\"{o}dinger equation directly on a real-space…

High-harmonic generation (HHG) from solid state offers promising potential for attosecond optics with enhanced efficiency and compact configurations. However, Current implementations face critical limitations imposed by material damage…

Optics · Physics 2025-08-19 Qing-Guo Fan , Kang Lai , Wen-hao Liu , Lin-Wang Wang , Jun-Wei Luo , Zhi Wang

Highly nonlinear optical phenomena can provide access to properties of electronic systems which are otherwise difficult to access through conventional linear optical spectroscopies. In particular, high harmonic generation (HHG) in…

Optics · Physics 2021-04-28 K. Uchida , V. Pareek , K. Nagai , K. M. Dani , K. Tanaka

High harmonic generation (HHG) in solids has recently emerged as a powerful all-optical approach for probing material properties and ultrafast electron dynamics in quantum systems. It has been widely applied for studying two-dimensional and…

Optics · Physics 2026-04-28 Eyal Uzner , Ofer Neufeld

We study high order harmonics generation (HHG) in crystalline silicon and diamond subjected to near and mid-infrared laser pulses. We employ time-dependent density functional theory and solve the time-dependent Kohn-Sham equation in the…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-08-31 David Freeman , Shunsuke Yamada , Atsushi Yamada , Kazuhiro Yabana , Anatoli Kheifets

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) in gases has been studied for almost 40 years in many different conditions, varying the laser wavelength, intensity, focusing geometry, target design, gas species, etc. However, no systematic…

Solid-state high-order harmonic generation (HHG) presents unique features different from gases.Whereas the gaseous harmonics driven by counter-rotating bicircular (CRB) pulse universally peak at a "magic" field ratio approximately…

Optics · Physics 2025-07-15 Qing-Guo Fan , Kang Lai , Wen-hao Liu , Zhi Wang , Lin-Wang Wang , Jun-Wei Luo

High-harmonic generation is a sensitive all-optical probe of symmetry and electron dynamics in solids. Here, we use first-principles time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) to study high-harmonic generation in T$_d$-WTe$_2$, a…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-29 Elias Greil , Alba de las Heras , Angel Rubio , Anna Galler

A theoretical model is developed describing high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from a gas of multiply-charged ions driven by a laser field of relativistic intensity. Macroscopic propagation of harmonics is investigated in a relativistic…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2012-02-21 Markus C. Kohler , Karen Z. Hatsagortsyan

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) with relativistically strong laser pulses is considered employing electron ionization-recollisions from multiply charged ions in counterpropagating, linearly polarized attosecond pulse trains. The…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Markus C. Kohler , Michael Klaiber , Karen Z. Hatsagortsyan , Christoph H. Keitel

High harmonic generation (HHG) from gas phase atoms (or molecules) has opened up a new frontier in ultrafast optics, where attosecond time resolution and Angstrom spatial resolution are accessible. The fundamental physical pictures of HHG…

Optics · Physics 2023-04-26 Liang Li , Pengfei Lan , Xiaosong Zhu , Peixiang Lu

We theoretically investigate correlated electron dynamics in high-harmonic generation (HHG), using all-electron \emph{ab initio} simulations for three-dimensional real alkali-metal atoms. The resulting harmonic spectra exhibit a plateau…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2019-04-10 Yang Li , Takeshi Sato , Kenichi L. Ishikawa

The generation of high-order harmonics in bulk solids subjected to intense ultrashort laser pulses has opened up new avenues for research in extreme nonlinear optics and light-matter interaction on sub-cycle timescales. Despite significant…

A theoretical model for high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in bulk solids is considered. Our approach treats laser-induced inter- and intraband currents on an equal footing. The sum of these currents is the source of the high-order…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-07-12 Peter Foldi

The generation of high harmonics is a strongly nonlinear effect that allows to probe properties of the target and to study electron dynamics in matter. It has been investigated in many different kinds of targets, including molecular gases,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Lina Bielke , Samuel Schöpa , Falk-Erik Wiechmann , Franziska Fennel , Dieter Bauer

High-harmonic generation (HHG) is a nonlinear process in which a material sample is irradiated by intense laser pulses, causing the emission of high harmonics of the incident light. HHG has historically been explained by theories employing…

The spectra produced by high-harmonic generation (HHG) typically exhibit well-defined peaks at odd integers times the laser frequency. However, in recent investigations of HHG from correlated materials, spectra exhibit signals at noninteger…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2024-06-05 Christian Saugbjerg Lange , Thomas Hansen , Lars Bojer Madsen

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) from molecular ion HeH$^{2+}$ in two initial states of $1s\sigma$ (ground state) and $2p\sigma$ (first excited state) is investigated theoretically, in homogeneous and plasmonic-enhanced laser fields.…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-07-04 Nehzat Safaei

We studied the high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from 2D solid materials in circularly and bichromatic circularly polarized laser fields numerically by simulating the dynamics of single-active-electron processes in 2D periodic…

High-order harmonic generation (HHG) is combined with resonant x-ray excitation of a core electron into the transient valence vacancy that is created in the course of the HHG process. To describe this setting, I develop a…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2015-10-15 Christian Buth