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Effective disaster response relies on rapid disaster response, where oblique aerial video is the primary modality for initial scouting due to its ability to maximize spatial coverage and situational awareness in limited flight time.…
The vertical velocity in convective clouds ($w_c$) mediates convective anvil development and global moisture transport, influencing Earth's energy budget, but has yet to be estimated globally over long periods due to the absence of…
Many geophysical and astrophysical phenomena are driven by turbulent fluid dynamics, containing behaviors separated by tens of orders of magnitude in scale. While direct simulations have made large strides toward understanding geophysical…
Despite the extensive body of literature focused on remote sensing applications for land cover mapping and the availability of high-resolution satellite imagery, methods for continuously updating classification maps in real-time remain…
Accurate tropical cyclone (TC) intensity prediction is crucial for mitigating storm hazards, yet its complex dynamics pose challenges to traditional methods. Here, we introduce a Physics-Informed Residual Neural Ordinary Differential…
Parameters in climate models are usually calibrated manually, exploiting only small subsets of the available data. This precludes both optimal calibration and quantification of uncertainties. Traditional Bayesian calibration methods that…
Mesoscale convective systems MCSs play a central role in tropical rainfall and are closely linked to extreme precipitation and large scale variability. However, a quantitative understanding of their environmental controls remains…
Annual North Atlantic tropical cyclone (TC) counts are frequently modeled as a Poisson process with a state-dependent rate. We provide a lower bound on the forecasting error of this class of models. Remarkably we find that this bound is…
The influence of deep convection on water vapor in the Tropical Tropopause Layer (TTL), the region just below the high ($\sim$18 km), cold tropical tropopause, remains an outstanding question in atmospheric science. Moisture transport to…
Turbulent problems in industrial applications are predominantly solved using Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) turbulence models. The accuracy of the RANS models is limited due to closure assumptions that induce uncertainty into the…
The scientific interest in studying high-energy transient phenomena in the Universe has largely grown for the last decade. Now, multiple ground-based survey projects have emerged to continuously monitor the optical (and multi-messenger)…
It is well known that rapid changes in tropical cyclone motion occur during interaction with extratropical waves. While the translation speed has received much attention in the published literature, acceleration has not. Using a large data…
Complex dynamical systems-such as climate, ecosystems, and economics-can undergo catastrophic and potentially irreversible regime changes, often triggered by environmental parameter drift and stochastic disturbances. These critical…
Convection initiation (CI) nowcasting remains a challenging problem for both numerical weather prediction models and existing nowcasting algorithms. In this study, object-based probabilistic deep learning models are developed to predict CI…
Statistical dependencies among wavelet coefficients are commonly represented by graphical models such as hidden Markov trees(HMTs). However, in linear inverse problems such as deconvolution, tomography, and compressed sensing, the presence…
Many complex flows such as those arising from ocean plastics in geophysics or moving cells in biology are characterized by sparse and noisy trajectory datasets. We introduce techniques for identifying Lagrangian Coherent Structures (LCSs)…
Lagrangian Coherent Structures (LCS) are flow features which are defined to objectively characterize complex fluid behavior over a finite time regardless of the orientation of the observer. Fluidic applications of LCS include geophysical,…
A tensor provides a concise way to codify the interdependence of complex data. Treating a tensor as a d-way array, each entry records the interaction between the different indices. Clustering provides a way to parse the complexity of the…
Context. Convective regions in stellar models are always associated with uncertainties, for example due to extra-mixing or the possible inaccurate position of the transition from convective to radiative transport of energy. These have a…
Tropical Geometry, an established field in pure mathematics, is a place where String Theory, Mirror Symmetry, Computational Algebra, Auction Theory, etc, meet and influence each other. In this paper, we report on our discovery of a tropical…