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Active Learning (AL) for regression has been systematically under-researched due to the increased difficulty of measuring uncertainty in regression models. Since normalizing flows offer a full predictive distribution instead of a point…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Thorben Werner , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

Active learning (AL) strategies aim to train high-performance models with minimal labeling efforts, only selecting the most informative instances for annotation. Current approaches to evaluating data informativeness predominantly focus on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Zhixuan Liang , Xingyu Zeng , Rui Zhao , Ping Luo

Post-training with Reinforcement Learning (RL) has substantially improved reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs) via test-time scaling. However, extending this paradigm to Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) through verbose rationales yields limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Bangzheng Li , Jianmo Ni , Chen Qu , Ian Miao , Liu Yang , Xingyu Fu , Muhao Chen , Derek Zhiyuan Cheng

While annotating decent amounts of data to satisfy sophisticated learning models can be cost-prohibitive for many real-world applications. Active learning (AL) and semi-supervised learning (SSL) are two effective, but often isolated, means…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Jiannan Guo , Yangyang Kang , Yu Duan , Xiaozhong Liu , Siliang Tang , Wenqiao Zhang , Kun Kuang , Changlong Sun , Fei Wu

Power-law scaling indicates that large-scale training with uniform sampling is prohibitively slow. Active learning methods aim to increase data efficiency by prioritizing learning on the most relevant examples. Despite their appeal, these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Talfan Evans , Shreya Pathak , Hamza Merzic , Jonathan Schwarz , Ryutaro Tanno , Olivier J. Henaff

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) algorithms tackle sequential decision problems where agents may have different preferences over (possibly conflicting) reward functions. Such algorithms often learn a set of policies (each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Lucas N. Alegre , Ana L. C. Bazzan , Diederik M. Roijers , Ann Nowé , Bruno C. da Silva

Active learning (AL) techniques reduce labeling costs for training neural machine translation (NMT) models by selecting smaller representative subsets from unlabeled data for annotation. Diversity sampling techniques select heterogeneous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Abdul Hameed Azeemi , Ihsan Ayyub Qazi , Agha Ali Raza

High false-positive rate is a long-standing challenge for anomaly detection algorithms, especially in high-stake applications. To identify the true anomalies, in practice, analysts or domain experts will be employed to investigate the top…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Daochen Zha , Kwei-Herng Lai , Mingyang Wan , Xia Hu

While the state-of-the-art performance on entity resolution (ER) has been achieved by deep learning, its effectiveness depends on large quantities of accurately labeled training data. To alleviate the data labeling burden, Active Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Youcef Nafa , Qun Chen , Zhaoqiang Chen , Xingyu Lu , Haiyang He , Tianyi Duan , Zhanhuai Li

In this paper, we suggest a novel data-driven approach to active learning (AL). The key idea is to train a regressor that predicts the expected error reduction for a candidate sample in a particular learning state. By formulating the query…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-17 Ksenia Konyushkova , Raphael Sznitman , Pascal Fua

Active learning (AL) uses a data selection algorithm to select useful training samples to minimize annotation cost. This is now an essential tool for building low-resource syntactic analyzers such as part-of-speech (POS) taggers. Existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Aditi Chaudhary , Antonios Anastasopoulos , Zaid Sheikh , Graham Neubig

We consider active learning for binary classification in the agnostic pool-based setting. The vast majority of works in active learning in the agnostic setting are inspired by the CAL algorithm where each query is uniformly sampled from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Julian Katz-Samuels , Jifan Zhang , Lalit Jain , Kevin Jamieson

The remarkable advancements in large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced the performance in few-shot learning settings. By using only a small number of labeled examples, referred to as demonstrations, LLMs can effectively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Katerina Margatina , Timo Schick , Nikolaos Aletras , Jane Dwivedi-Yu

Active learning (AL) selects the most beneficial unlabeled samples to label, and hence a better machine learning model can be trained from the same number of labeled samples. Most existing active learning for regression (ALR) approaches are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Ziang Liu , Xue Jiang , Hanbin Luo , Weili Fang , Jiajing Liu , Dongrui Wu

Defining an efficient training set is one of the most delicate phases for the success of remote sensing image classification routines. The complexity of the problem, the limited temporal and financial resources, as well as the high…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Devis Tuia , Michele Volpi , Loris Copa , Mikhail Kanevski , Jordi Munoz-Mari

Unsupervised reinforcement learning aims to train agents to learn a handful of policies or skills in environments without external reward. These pre-trained policies can accelerate learning when endowed with external reward, and can also be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Shuncheng He , Yuhang Jiang , Hongchang Zhang , Jianzhun Shao , Xiangyang Ji

Vulnerability detection is crucial for identifying security weaknesses in software systems. However, training effective machine learning models for this task is often constrained by the high cost and expertise required for data annotation.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Xiang Lan , Tim Menzies , Bowen Xu

Given a limited labeling budget, active learning (AL) aims to sample the most informative instances from an unlabeled pool to acquire labels for subsequent model training. To achieve this, AL typically measures the informativeness of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Cheng Chen , Yong Wang , Lizi Liao , Yueguo Chen , Xiaoyong Du

Training multimodal networks requires a vast amount of data due to their larger parameter space compared to unimodal networks. Active learning is a widely used technique for reducing data annotation costs by selecting only those samples…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Meng Shen , Yizheng Huang , Jianxiong Yin , Heqing Zou , Deepu Rajan , Simon See

Active learning (AL) is for optimizing the selection of unlabeled data for annotation (labeling), aiming to enhance model performance while minimizing labeling effort. The key question in AL is which unlabeled data should be selected for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yingrui Ji , Vijaya Sindhoori Kaza , Nishanth Artham , Tianyang Wang