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We study how to generate binary de Bruijn sequences efficiently from the class of simple linear feedback shift registers with feedback function $f(x_0, x_1, \ldots, x_{n-1}) = x_0 + x_1 + x_{n-1}$ for $n \geq 3$, using the cycle joining…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Yunlong Zhu , Zuling Chang , Martianus Frederic Ezerman , Qiang Wang

We investigate binary sequences generated by non-Markovian rules with memory length $\mu$, similar to those adopted in Elementary Cellular Automata. This generation procedure is equivalente to a shift register and certain rules produce…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Francisco J. Muñoz , Juan Carlos Nuño

We propose a construction of de Bruijn sequences by the cycle joining method from linear feedback shift registers (LFSRs) with arbitrary characteristic polynomial $f(x)$. We study in detail the cycle structure of the set $\Omega(f(x))$ that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Zuling Chang , Martianus Frederic Ezerman , San Ling , Huaxiong Wang

We study a class of Linear Feedback Shift Registers (LFSRs) with characteristic polynomial $f(x)=p(x)q(x)$ where $p(x)$ and $q(x)$ are distinct irreducible polynomials in $\F_2[x]$. Important properties of the LFSRs, such as the cycle…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-06-11 Zuling Chang , Martianus Frederic Ezerman , San Ling , Huaxiong Wang

We decide completely the cycle structure of pure summing register (PSR) and complementary summing register (CSR). Based on the state diagram of CSR, we derive an algorithm to generate de Bruijn cycles from CSR inspired by Tuvi Etzion's…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-20 Jianrui Xie

A shift rule for the prefer-max De Bruijn sequence is formulated, for all sequence orders, and over any finite alphabet. An efficient algorithm for this shift rule is presented, which has linear (in the sequence order) time and memory…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-09-24 Gal Amram , Yair Ashlagi , Amir Rubin , Yotam Svoray , Moshe Schwartz , Gera Weiss

The focus of this work is to show how to combine Zech's logarithms and each of the cycle joining and cross-join pairing methods to construct binary de Bruijn sequences of any order. A basic implementation is supplied as a proof-of-concept.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Zuling Chang , Martianus Frederic Ezerman , Adamas Aqsa Fahreza , San Ling , Janusz Szmidt , Huaxiong Wang

Every binary De~Bruijn sequence of order n satisfies a recursion 0=x_n+x_0+g(x_{n-1}, ..., x_1). Given a function f on (n-1) bits, let N(f; r) be the number of functions generating a De Bruijn sequence of order n which are obtained by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-23 Don Coppersmith , Robert C. Rhoades , Jeffrey M. VanderKam

We present sufficient conditions for when an ordering of universal cycles $\alpha_1, \alpha_2, \ldots, \alpha_m$ for disjoint sets $\mathbf{S}_1, \mathbf{S}_2, \ldots , \mathbf{S}_m$ can be concatenated together to obtain a universal cycle…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-25 Daniel Gabric , Joe Sawada

Experimental results show that, when the order $n$ is odd, there are de Bruijn sequences such that the corresponding complement sequence and the reverse sequence are the same. In this paper, we propose one efficient method to generate such…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Zuling Chang , Qiang Wang

This paper presents a method to find new De Bruijn cycles based on ones of lesser order. This is done by mapping a De Bruijn cycle to several vertex disjoint cycles in a De Bruijn digraph of higher order and connecting these cycles into one…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-12-23 Abbas Alhakim , Mufutau Akinwande

Binary machines are a generalization of Feedback Shift Registers (FSRs) in which both, feedback and feedforward, connections are allowed and no chain connection between the register stages is required. In this paper, we present an algorithm…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-05-24 Elena Dubrova

A de Bruijn array code is a set of $r \times s$ binary doubly-periodic arrays such that each binary $n \times m$ matrix is contained exactly once as a window in one of the arrays. Such a set of arrays can be viewed as a two-dimensional…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Tuvi Etzion

Binary time series data are very common in many applications, and are typically modelled independently via a Bernoulli process with a single probability of success. However, the probability of a success can be dependent on the outcome…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-12 Louise Kimpton , Peter Challenor , Henry Wynn

This paper describes new, simple, recursive methods of construction for orientable sequences, i.e. periodic binary sequences in which any n-tuple occurs at most once in a period in either direction. As has been previously described, such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-20 Chris J Mitchell , Peter R Wild

We construct feedback functions of Nonlinear Feedback Shift Registers from those of Linear Feedback Shift Registers using the cross-join pairs method and the Zech logarithms in finite fields. We present a hypothetical algorithm to generate…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-03 Janusz Szmidt

A cut-down de Bruijn sequence is a cyclic string of length $L$, where $1 \leq L \leq k^n$, such that every substring of length $n$ appears at most once. Etzion [Theor. Comp. Sci 44 (1986)] gives an algorithm to construct binary cut-down de…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Ben Cameron , Aysu Gündoğan , Joe Sawada

One of the fundamental ways to construct De Bruijn sequences is by using a shift-rule. A shift-rule receives a word as an argument and computes the symbol that appears after it in the sequence. An optimal shift-rule for an $(n,k)$-De Bruijn…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Gal Amram , Amir Rubin

The greedy Prefer-same de Bruijn sequence construction was first presented by Eldert et al.[AIEE Transactions 77 (1958)]. As a greedy algorithm, it has one major downside: it requires an exponential amount of space to store the length $2^n$…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Evan Sala , Joe Sawada , Abbas Alhakim

One of the most important and challenging problems in coding theory is to construct codes with best possible parameters and properties. The class of quasi-cyclic (QC) codes is known to be fertile to produce such codes. Focusing on QC codes…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Dev Akre , Nuh Aydin , Matthew J. Harrington , Saurav R. Pandey
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