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We study the existence of an $n$-fold rotationally symmetric placement of a symmetric graph in the plane allowing a continuous deformation that preserves the symmetry and the distances between adjacent vertices. We show that such a flexible…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-24 Sean Dewar , Georg Grasegger , Jan Legerský

Edge lengths of a graph are called flexible if there exist infinitely many non-congruent realizations of the graph in the plane satisfying these edge lengths. It has been shown recently that a graph has flexible edge lengths if and only if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-05 Georg Grasegger , Jan Legerský , Josef Schicho

One of the questions in Rigidity Theory is whether a realization of the vertices of a graph in the plane is flexible, namely, if it allows a continuous deformation preserving the edge lengths. A flexible realization of a connected graph in…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Petr Laštovička , Jan Legerský

We consider realizations of a graph in the plane such that the distances between adjacent vertices satisfy the constraints given by an edge labeling. If there are infinitely many such realizations, counted modulo rigid motions, the labeling…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-05 Georg Grasegger , Jan Legerský , Josef Schicho

We conclude an investigation of Abrishami, Esperet, Giocanti, Hamman, Knappe and M\"oller studying the existence of periodic colourings of locally finite graphs. A colouring of a graph $\Gamma$ is periodic if the resulting coloured graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-27 Luke Waite

For a flexible labeling of a graph, it is possible to construct infinitely many non-equivalent realizations keeping the distances of connected points constant. We give a combinatorial characterization of graphs that have flexible labelings.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-17 Georg Grasegger , Jan Legerský , Josef Schicho

A planar framework -- a graph together with a map of its vertices to the plane -- is flexible if it allows a continuous deformation preserving the distances between adjacent vertices. Extending a recent previous result, we prove that a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-06 Sean Dewar , Jan Legerský

We locate gaps in the spectrum of a Hamiltonian on a periodic cuboidal (and generally hyperrectangular) lattice graph with $\delta$ couplings in the vertices. We formulate sufficient conditions under which the number of gaps is finite. As…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-05-26 Ondřej Turek

When can a unimodular random planar graph be drawn in the Euclidean or the hyperbolic plane in a way that the distribution of the random drawing is isometry-invariant? This question was answered for one-ended unimodular graphs in…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Ádám Timár , László Márton Tóth

We use methods from algebra and discrete geometry to study the irreducibility of the dispersion polynomial of a discrete periodic operator associated to a periodic graph after changing the period lattice. We provide numerous applications of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-11-12 Matthew Faust , Jordy Lopez Garcia

Proper graph coloring assigns different colors to adjacent vertices of the graph. Usually, the number of colors is fixed or as small as possible. Consider applications (e.g. variants of scheduling) where colors represent limited resources…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-10 Tomáš Masařík

A planar graph can be embedded in a piecewise linear manifold, and the lattice on each linear piece can be colored with 3-coloring. If a planar graph can be colored with multiple 3-coloring, i.e. coloring the graph in pieces with different…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-10 Shaoqing Li

In this paper, we study fan-planar drawings that use $h$ layers and are proper, i.e., edges connect adjacent layers. We show that if the embedding of the graph is fixed, then testing the existence of such drawings is fixed-parameter…

We show that c-planarity is solvable in quadratic time for flat clustered graphs with three clusters if the combinatorial embedding of the underlying graph is fixed. In simpler graph-theoretical terms our result can be viewed as follows.…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-08-26 Radoslav Fulek

The definition of $1$-planar graphs naturally extends graph planarity, namely a graph is $1$-planar if it can be drawn in the plane with at most one crossing per edge. Unfortunately, while testing graph planarity is solvable in linear time,…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Carla Binucci , Walter Didimo , Fabrizio Montecchiani

Graph drawing research traditionally focuses on producing geometric embeddings of graphs satisfying various aesthetic constraints. After the geometric embedding is specified, there is an additional step that is often overlooked or ignored:…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Michael B. Dillencourt , David Eppstein , Michael T. Goodrich

We call a (not necessarily planar) embedding of a graph $G$ in the plane \emph{sequential} if its vertices lie in $\mathbb Z^2$ and the line segments between adjacent vertices contain no interior integer points. In this note, we prove (i) a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-10 Jackson Autry , Christopher O'Neill

This paper establishes combinatorial characterisations of forced-symmetric and forced-periodic rigidity (under a fixed lattice) of bar-joint frameworks in non-Euclidean normed planes. In $\ell_q$-planes for $q\in(1,\infty)\backslash\{2\}$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-19 Jack Esson , Eleftherios Kastis , Bernd Schulze

We study reflection-symmetric realisations of symmetric graphs in the plane that allow a continuous symmetry and edge-length preserving deformation. To do so, we identify a necessary combinatorial condition on graphs with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-11 Sean Dewar , Georg Grasegger , Jan Legerský

We discuss the problem of embedding graphs in the plane with restrictions on the vertex mapping. In particular, we introduce a technique for drawing planar graphs with a fixed vertex mapping that bounds the number of times edges bend. An…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2012-06-05 Taylor Gordon
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