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It is often conjectured that quantum synchronisation and entanglement are two independent properties which two coupled quantum systems may not exhibit at the same time. However, as both these properties can be understood in terms of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-09 Devender Garg , Manju , Shubhrangshu Dasgupta , Asoka Biswas

Building scalable quantum systems that demonstrate genuine performance enhancement based on entanglement is a major scientific goal for fields including computing, networking, simulations, and metrology. The tremendous challenge arises from…

We demonstrate that the quantum corrections to the classical arrival time for a quantum object in a potential free region of space, as computed by Galapon [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 80}, 030102(R) (2009)], can be eliminated up to a given order of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-10-12 Philip Caesar M. Flores , Roland Cristopher F. Caballar , Eric A. Galapon

A clock is, from an information-theoretic perspective, a system that emits information about time. One may therefore ask whether the theory of information imposes any constraints on the maximum precision of clocks. Here we show a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-28 Mischa P. Woods , Ralph Silva , Gilles Pütz , Sandra Stupar , Renato Renner

We study the dynamical evolution of two quantum clocks interacting with a relativistic gravitational potential. We find a time dilation effect for the clocks in agreement with the gravitational time dilation as obtained from the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-02 Tommaso Favalli , Augusto Smerzi

The precision of optical atomic clocks is approaching a regime where they resolve gravitational time dilation on smaller scales than their own extensions. Hence, an accurate description of quantum clocks has to take their spatial extension…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-05-13 Tupac Bravo , Dennis Rätzel , Ivette Fuentes

The standard formulation of quantum theory relies on a fixed space-time metric determining the localisation and causal order of events. In general relativity, the metric is influenced by matter, and is expected to become indefinite when…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-08 Esteban Castro-Ruiz , Flaminia Giacomini , Alessio Belenchia , Časlav Brukner

We derive the predicted time dilation of delocalized atomic clocks in an optical lattice setup in the presence of a gravitational field to leading order in quantum relativistic corrections. We investigate exotic quantum states of motion…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Yanglin Hu , Maximilian P. E. Lock , Mischa P. Woods

The basic tenet of the present work is the assumption of the lack of external and fixed time in the Universe. This assumption is best embodied by general relativity, which replaces the fixed space-time structure with the gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-09-19 Przemysław Małkiewicz , Artur Miroszewski

In earlier papers we showed unpredictability beyond quantum uncertainty in atomic clocks, ensuing from a proven gap between given evidence and explanations of that evidence. Here we reconceive a clock, not as an isolated entity, but as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-04-17 F. Hadi Madjid , John M. Myers

The accuracy of the time information generated by clocks can be enhanced by allowing them to communicate with each other. Here we consider a basic scenario where a quantum clock receives a low-accuracy time signal as input and ask whether…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-04 Yuxiang Yang , Lennart Baumgärtner , Ralph Silva , Renato Renner

The temporal Bell inequalities are derived from the assumptions of realism and locality in time. It is shown that quantum mechanics violates these inequalities and thus is in conflict with the two assumptions. This can be used for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Caslav Brukner , Samuel Taylor , Sancho Cheung , Vlatko Vedral

The possibility of detecting the gravitomagnetic clock effect using artificial Earth satellites provides the incentive to develop a more intuitive approach to its derivation. We first consider two test electric charges moving on the same…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-28 Lorenzo Iorio , Herbert I. M. Lichtenegger , Bahram Mashhoon

We discuss the possibility of synchronising two atomic clocks exchanging entangled photon pairs through a quantum channel. A proposal for implementing practically such a scheme is discussed.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Genovese , C. Novero

We demonstrate that two spatially separated parties (Alice and Bob) can utilize shared prior quantum entanglement, and classical communications, to establish a synchronized pair of atomic clocks. In contrast to classical synchronization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Richard Jozsa , Daniel S. Abrams , Jonathan P. Dowling , Colin P. Williams

Quantum mechanics and general relativity have been each successfully tested in numerous experiments. However, the regime where both theories are jointly required to explain physical phenomena remains untested by laboratory experiments, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-15 Magdalena Zych , Igor Pikovski , Fabio Costa , Časlav Brukner

Precise time synchronisation underpins critical infrastructure from telecommunications and financial markets to power grids and scientific metrology. Several families of quantum protocols have been proposed and demonstrated for clock…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Michal Krelina , Utku Tefek , Zeki C. Seskir , Kadir Durak

A novel quantum time dilation effect is shown to arise when a clock moves in a quantum superposition of two relativistic velocities. This effect is argued to be measurable using existing atomic interferometry techniques, potentially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-28 Alexander R. H. Smith

A satellite-based scheme to perform clock synchronization between ground stations spread across the globe using quantum resources was proposed in [Phys. Rev. A 107, 022615 (2023)], based on the quantum clock synchronization (QCS) protocol…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-16 Stav Haldar , Ivan Agullo , James E. Troupe

I consider quantum protocols for clock synchronization, and investigate in particular whether entanglement distillation or quantum error-correcting codes can improve the robustness of these protocols. I also draw attention to some…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 John Preskill