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Exact analytic results for single level current and curvature distribution functions are derived in a framework of a $2\times 2$ random matrix model. Current and curvature are defined as the first and second derivatives of energy with…
We study the breakup of $\text{H}_2^+$ exposed to super-intense, femtosecond laser pulses with frequencies greater than that corresponding to the ionization potential. By solving the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation in an extensive…
Processes involving bursts of activity separated by quiescent periods occur across diverse systems and scales. In human dynamics, these phenomena have been described by power-law inter-event time distributions, $P(t)\sim t^{-\alpha}$, with…
The size distribution of planned and forced outages and following restoration times in power systems have been studied for almost two decades and has drawn great interest as they display heavy tails. Understanding of this phenomenon has…
We use statistical tools to characterize the response of an excitable system to periodic perturbations. The system is an optically injected semiconductor laser under pulsed perturbations of the phase of the injected field. We characterize…
Electric power-systems are one of the most important critical infrastructures. In recent years, they have been exposed to extreme stress due to the increasing demand, the introduction of distributed renewable energy sources, and the…
The density of states of one-dimensional disordered electron systems with long range Coulomb interaction is studied in the weak pinning limit. The density of states is found to follow a power law with an exponent determined by localization…
The linear susceptibility of an atomic sample is formally equivalent to the response of a RLC circuit. We use a ladder of lumped RLC circuits to observe an analogue of slow-light, a well-known phenomenon in atomic physics. We first…
We investigate structure and evolution of long positive spark breakdown; and we study at which stage pulses of hard X-rays are emitted. Positive high-voltage pulses of standardized lightning impulse wave form of about 1 MV were applied to…
Compton scattering of short and ultra short (sub-cycle) laser pulses off mildly relativistic electrons is considered within a QED framework. The temporal shape of the pulse is essential for the differential cross section as a function of…
The modeling of cascading failure in power systems is difficult because of the many different mechanisms involved; no single model captures all of these mechanisms. Understanding the relative importance of these different mechanisms is an…
Breaking waves generate a distribution of bubble sizes that evolves over time. Knowledge of how this distribution evolves is of practical importance for maritime and climate studies. The analytical framework developed in Part 1 examined how…
Power grids vulnerability is a key issue in society. A component failure may trigger cascades of failures across the grid and lead to a large blackout. Complex network approaches have shown a direction to study some of the problems faced by…
We investigate photoinization, energy deposition, plasma formation and the ultrafast optical breakdown in crystalline silicon irradiated by intense near-infrared laser pulses with pulse duration $\tau \le $ 100 fs. The occurrence of…
We study distributions of eigenvalue curvatures for a block diagonal random matrix perturbed by a full random matrix. The most natural physical realization of this model is a quantum chaotic system with some inherent symmetry, such that its…
For the SwissFEL project, an advanced high gradient low emittance gun is under development. Reliable operation with an electric field, preferably above 125 MV/m at a 4 mm gap, in the presence of an UV laser beam, has to be achieved in a…
The variability in multi-pulse gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) may help to reveal the mechanism of underlying processes from the central engine. To investigate whether the self-organized criticality (SOC) phenomena exist in the prompt phase of…
The propagation of an interfacial crack front through a weak plane of a transparent Plexiglas block has been studied experimentally. A stable crack in mode I was generated by loading the system by an imposed displacement. The local…
The physical foundations of the dissipation of energy and the associated heating in weakly collisional plasmas are poorly understood. Here, we compare and contrast several measures that have been used to characterize energy dissipation and…
Using a modified self-consistent one-dimensional hydrodynamic lagrangian fluid code, laser ablation of solid copper by ultrashort laser pulses in vacuum was simulated to study fundamental mechanisms and to provide a guide for drilling…