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The rapid advancement of quantum technologies calls for the design and deployment of quantum-safe cryptographic protocols and communication networks. There are two primary approaches to achieving quantum-resistant security: quantum key…

Quantum key distribution is one of the most fundamental cryptographic protocols. Quantum walks are important primitives for computing. In this paper we take advantage of the properties of quantum walks to design new secure quantum key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-04 Chrysoula Vlachou , Walter Krawec , Paulo Mateus , Nikola Paunkovic , Andre Souto

Cloud computing has made storing and accessing data easier but keeping it secure is a big challenge nowadays. Traditional methods of ensuring data may not be strong enough in the future when powerful quantum computers become available. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 S. Vasavi Venkata Lakshmi , Ziaul Haque Choudhury

This work is intended as an introduction to cryptographic security and a motivation for the widely used Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) security definition. We review the notion of security necessary for a protocol to be usable in a larger…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-09-12 Christopher Portmann , Renato Renner

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a crucial component for truly secure communication, which enables to analyze leakage of information due to eavesdropper attacks. While impressive progress was made in the field of long-distance…

Quantum computers will change the cryptographic panorama. A technology once believed to lay far away into the future is increasingly closer to real world applications. Quantum computers will break the algorithms used in our public key…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Alejandro Aguado , Victor Lopez , Diego Lopez , Momtchil Peev , Andreas Poppe , Antonio Pastor , Jesus Folgueira , Vicente Martiin

The Shor-Preskill proof of the security of the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol relies on the theoretical existence of good classical error-correcting codes with the ``dual-containing'' property. A practical implementation of BB84…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Zhicheng Luo , Igor Devetak

Quantum key distribution (QKD) can share an unconditional secure key between two remote parties, but the deviation between theory and practice will break the security of the generated key. In this paper, we evaluate the security of QKD with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-26 Shi-Hai Sun , Zhi-Yu Tian , Mei-Sheng Zhao , Yan Ma

We introduce a simple, practical approach with probabilistic information-theoretic security to solve one of quantum key distribution's major security weaknesses: the requirement of an authenticated classical channel to prevent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-08-27 Travis R. Beals , Kevin P. Hynes , Barry C. Sanders

The ability to distribute secret keys between two parties with information-theoretic security, that is, regardless of the capacities of a malevolent eavesdropper, is one of the most celebrated results in the field of quantum information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-01 Eleni Diamanti , Anthony Leverrier

Quantum cryptography has attracted much attention in recent years. In most existing quantum cryptographic protocols, players usually need the full quantum power of generating, manipulating or measuring quantum states. Semiquantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-12 Ming-Ming Wang , Lin-Ming Gong , Lian-He Shao

By realizing a quantum cryptography system based on polarization entangled photon pairs we establish highly secure keys, because a single photon source is approximated and the inherent randomness of quantum measurements is exploited. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Thomas Jennewein , Christoph Simon , Gregor Weihs , Harald WeinfurterD , Anton Zeilinger

This paper provides a simple variation of the basic ideas of the BB84 quantum cryptographic scheme leading to a method of key expansion. A secure random sequence (the bases sequence) determines the encoding bases in a proposed scheme. Using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Won Young Hwang , In Gyu Koh , Yeong Deok Han

In this article we deal with the security of the BB84 quantum cryptography protocol over noisy channels using generalized privacy amplification. For this we estimate the fraction of bits needed to be discarded during the privacy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 N. Lütkenhaus , Stephen M. Barnett

A simplified eavesdropping-strategy for BB84 protocol in quantum cryptography (refer to quant-ph/9812022) is proposed. This scheme implements by the `indirect copying' technology. Under this scheme, eavesdropper can exactly obtain the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Guihua Zeng

Quantum key distribution (QKD) can provide secure key material between two parties without relying on assumptions about the computational power of an eavesdropper. QKD is performed over quantum links and quantum networks, systems which are…

The traditional way for a Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) user to join a quantum network is by authenticating themselves using pre-shared key material. While this approach is sufficient for small-scale networks, it becomes impractical as the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-30 Juan Antonio Vieira Giestinhas , Timothy Spiller

Quantum key-distribution protocols allow two honest distant parties to establish a common truly random secret key in the presence of powerful adversaries, provided that the two users share beforehand a short secret key. This pre-shared…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-10 Georgios M. Nikolopoulos , Marc Fischlin

Though the BB84 protocol has provable security over a noiseless quantum channel, the security is not proven over current noisy technology. The level of tolerable error on such systems is still unclear, as is how much information about a raw…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-25 Brian Pigott , Elizabeth Campolongo , Hardik Routray , Alex Khan

The use of quantum bits (qubits) in cryptography holds the promise of secure cryptographic quantum key distribution schemes. Unfortunately, the implemented schemes can be totally insecure. We provide a thorough investigation of security…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Gilles Brassard , Norbert Lütkenhaus , Tal Mor , Barry C. Sanders
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