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In this work\footnote {This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant IIS-1212948.}, we present a method to represent a video with a sequence of words, and learn the temporal sequencing of such words as the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Sangwoo Cho , Hassan Foroosh

The large-scale deployment of autonomous vehicles is yet to come, and one of the major remaining challenges lies in urban dense traffic scenarios. In such cases, it remains challenging to predict the future evolution of the scene and future…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Hao Shao , Letian Wang , Ruobing Chen , Steven L. Waslander , Hongsheng Li , Yu Liu

Despite the growing discriminative capabilities of modern deep learning methods for recognition tasks, the inner workings of the state-of-art models still remain mostly black-boxes. In this paper, we propose a systematic interpretation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-27 Jingxuan Hou , Tae Soo Kim , Austin Reiter

Accurate and reliable prediction has profound implications to a wide range of applications. In this study, we focus on an instance of spatio-temporal learning problem--traffic prediction--to demonstrate an advanced deep learning model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Pingping Dong , Xiao-Lin Wang , Indranil Bose , Kam K. H. Ng , Xiaoning Zhang , Xiaoge Zhang

Research in human action recognition has accelerated significantly since the introduction of powerful machine learning tools such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). However, effective and efficient methods for incorporation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-21 Jinliang Zang , Le Wang , Ziyi Liu , Qilin Zhang , Zhenxing Niu , Gang Hua , Nanning Zheng

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been successful in machine learning applications. Their success relies on their ability to consider space invariant local features. We consider the use of CNN to fit nuisance models in semiparametric…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-08 Mohammad Ghasempour , Niloofar Moosavi , Xavier de Luna

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been shown to be state-of-the-art models for visual cortical neurons. Cortical neurons in the primary visual cortex are sensitive to contextual information mediated by extensive horizontal and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Isaac Lin , Tianye Wang , Shang Gao , Shiming Tang , Tai Sing Lee

This study investigates the developmental interaction between top-down (TD) and bottom-up (BU) visual attention in robotic learning. Our goal is to understand how structured, human-like attentional behavior emerges through the mutual…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Hyogo Hiruma , Hiroshi Ito , Hiroki Mori , Tetsuya Ogata

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) define the current state-of-the-art for image recognition. With their emerging popularity, especially for critical applications like medical image analysis or self-driving cars, confirmability is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-08 Keyang Zhou , Bernhard Kainz

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely used in autonomous driving due to their high accuracy for perception, decision, and control. In safety-critical systems like autonomous driving, executing tasks like sensing and perception in real-time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Liangkai Liu , Yanzhi Wang , Weisong Shi

Researchers have proposed various methods for visually interpreting the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) via saliency maps, which include Class-Activation-Map (CAM) based approaches as a leading family. However, in terms of the internal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Xiwei Xuan , Ziquan Deng , Hsuan-Tien Lin , Zhaodan Kong , Kwan-Liu Ma

Anticipating human motion in crowded scenarios is essential for developing intelligent transportation systems, social-aware robots and advanced video surveillance applications. A key component of this task is represented by the inherently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Alessia Bertugli , Simone Calderara , Pasquale Coscia , Lamberto Ballan , Rita Cucchiara

Visual explanation enables human to understand the decision making of Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), but it is insufficient to contribute the performance improvement. In this paper, we focus on the attention map for visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-11 Hiroshi Fukui , Tsubasa Hirakawa , Takayoshi Yamashita , Hironobu Fujiyoshi

Interpreting the inner function of neural networks is crucial for the trustworthy development and deployment of these black-box models. Prior interpretability methods focus on correlation-based measures to attribute model decisions to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Ola Ahmad , Nicolas Bereux , Loïc Baret , Vahid Hashemi , Freddy Lecue

Modeling car-following behavior is fundamental to microscopic traffic simulation, yet traditional deterministic models often fail to capture the full extent of variability and unpredictability in human driving. While many modern approaches…

Applications · Statistics 2026-01-30 Chengyuan Zhang , Zhengbing He , Cathy Wu , Lijun Sun

True intelligence hinges on the ability to uncover and leverage hidden causal relations. Despite significant progress in AI and computer vision (CV), there remains a lack of benchmarks for assessing models' abilities to infer latent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Disheng Liu , Yiran Qiao , Wuche Liu , Yiren Lu , Yunlai Zhou , Tuo Liang , Yu Yin , Jing Ma

For safe and robust autonomous driving, decision-making systems must effectively leverage past experiences to handle the inherent long-tail of traffic scenarios. Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) provides a natural paradigm for this by adapting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Waikit Xiu , Qiang Lu , Bingchen Liu , Chen Sun , Xiying Li

We consider the problem of visually explaining similarity models, i.e., explaining why a model predicts two images to be similar in addition to producing a scalar score. While much recent work in visual model interpretability has focused on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Meng Zheng , Srikrishna Karanam , Terrence Chen , Richard J. Radke , Ziyan Wu

Real-time traffic light recognition is essential for autonomous driving. Yet, a cohesive overview of the underlying model architectures for this task is currently missing. In this work, we conduct a comprehensive survey and analysis of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Svetlana Pavlitska , Nico Lambing , Ashok Kumar Bangaru , J. Marius Zöllner

Driving behaviour is one of the primary causes of road crashes and accidents, and these can be decreased by identifying and minimizing aggressive driving behaviour. This study identifies the timesteps when a driver in different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Farid Talebloo , Emad A. Mohammed , Behrouz Far