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Large language models can exhibit emergent reasoning behaviors, often manifested as recurring lexical patterns (e.g., "wait," indicating verification). However, complex reasoning trajectories remain sparse in unconstrained sampling, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Po-Nien Kung , Zhen Yang , Jeffrey Luo , Cheng-Fu Yang , Haikang Deng , Zi-Yi Dou , Yinfei Yang , Nanyun Peng , Zhe Gan , Kai-Wei Chang

There is significant progress in recognizing traditional human activities from videos focusing on highly distinctive actions involving discriminative body movements, body-object and/or human-human interactions. Driver's activities are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Zachary Wharton , Ardhendu Behera , Yonghuai Liu , Nik Bessis

In this study we demonstrate a novel Brain Computer Interface (BCI) approach to detect driver distraction events to improve road safety. We use a commercial wireless headset that generates EEG signals from the brain. We collected real EEG…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-27 Chang Wei Tan , Mahsa Salehi , Geoffrey Mackellar

Deep learning (DL) based computer vision (CV) models are generally considered as black boxes due to poor interpretability. This limitation impedes efficient diagnoses or predictions of system failure, thereby precluding the widespread…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Sikai Chen , Jiqian Dong , Runjia Du , Yujie Li , Samuel Labi

Causal Temporal Representation Learning (Ctrl) methods aim to identify the temporal causal dynamics of complex nonstationary temporal sequences. Despite the success of existing Ctrl methods, they require either directly observing the domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Xiangchen Song , Zijian Li , Guangyi Chen , Yujia Zheng , Yewen Fan , Xinshuai Dong , Kun Zhang

Humans have a remarkable ability to make decisions by accurately reasoning about future events, including the future behaviors and states of mind of other agents. Consider driving a car through a busy intersection: it is necessary to reason…

High level understanding of sequential visual input is important for safe and stable autonomy, especially in localization and object detection. While traditional object classification and tracking approaches are specifically designed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-25 Mo Shan , Nikolay Atanasov

Temporal relational modeling in video is essential for human action understanding, such as action recognition and action segmentation. Although Graph Convolution Networks (GCNs) have shown promising advantages in relation reasoning on many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Dong Wang , Di Hu , Xingjian Li , Dejing Dou

Technologies to predict human actions are extremely important for applications such as human robot cooperation and autonomous driving. However, a majority of the existing algorithms focus on exploiting visual features of the videos and do…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Bo Chen , Decai Li , Yuqing He , Chunsheng Hua

Imitation learning enables high-fidelity, vision-based learning of policies within rich, photorealistic environments. However, such techniques often rely on traditional discrete-time neural models and face difficulties in generalizing to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Charles Vorbach , Ramin Hasani , Alexander Amini , Mathias Lechner , Daniela Rus

Driver distraction a significant risk to driving safety. Apart from spatial domain, research on temporal inattention is also necessary. This paper aims to figure out the pattern of drivers' temporal attention allocation. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Xingbo Fu , Feng Gao , Jiang Wu

Deep neural networks are a key component of behavior prediction and motion generation for self-driving cars. One of their main drawbacks is a lack of transparency: they should provide easy to interpret rationales for what triggers certain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Jinkyu Kim , Mayank Bansal

Many large-scale applications can be elegantly represented using graph structures. Their scalability, however, is often limited by the domain knowledge required to apply them. To address this problem, we propose a novel Causal Temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Abigail Langbridge , Fearghal O'Donncha , Amadou Ba , Fabio Lorenzi , Christopher Lohse , Joern Ploennigs

Despite great success has been achieved in activity analysis, it still has many challenges. Most existing work in activity recognition pay more attention to design efficient architecture or video sampling strategy. However, due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Jingran Zhang , Fumin Shen , Xing Xu , Heng Tao Shen

A topic of great current interest is Causal Representation Learning (CRL), whose goal is to learn a causal model for hidden features in a data-driven manner. Unfortunately, CRL is severely ill-posed since it is a combination of the two…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-10 Hiroshi Morioka , Aapo Hyvärinen

This study compares the performance of a causal and a predictive model in modeling travel mode choice in three neighborhoods in Chicago. A causal discovery algorithm and a causal inference technique were used to extract the causal…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-31 Rishabh Singh Chauhan , Uttara Sutradhar , Anton Rozhkov , Sybil Derrible

Autonomous driving (AD) systems are becoming increasingly capable of handling complex tasks, mainly due to recent advances in deep learning and AI. As interactions between autonomous systems and humans increase, the interpretability of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Mukilan Karuppasamy , Shankar Gangisetty , Shyam Nandan Rai , Carlo Masone , C V Jawahar

Ensuring the safety of vulnerable road users through accurate prediction of pedestrian crossing intention (PCI) plays a crucial role in the context of autonomous and assisted driving. Analyzing the set of observation video frames in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Hongbin Liang , Hezhe Qiao , Wei Huang , Qizhou Wang , Mingsheng Shang , Lin Chen

Being able to reason about how one's behaviour can affect the behaviour of others is a core skill required of intelligent driving agents. Despite this, the state of the art struggles to meet the need of agents to discover causal links…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Rhys Howard , Lars Kunze

One debatable issue in traffic safety research is that cognitive load from sec-ondary tasks reduces primary task performance, such as driving. Although physiological signals have been extensively used in driving-related research to assess…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Mehshan Ahmed Khan , Houshyar Asadi , Mohammad Reza Chalak Qazani , Adetokunbo Arogbonlo , Saeid Nahavandi , Chee Peng Lim