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Graph burning runs on discrete time steps. The aim is to burn all the vertices in a given graph in the least number of time steps. This number is known to be the burning number of the graph. The spread of social influence, an alarm, or a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Arya Tanmay Gupta , Swapnil A. Lokhande , Kaushik Mondal

The burning process on a graph $G$ starts with a single burnt vertex, and at each subsequent step, burns the neighbors of the currently burnt vertices, as well as one other unburnt vertex. The burning number of $G$ is the smallest number of…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2022-09-28 J. Mark Keil , Debajyoti Mondal , Ehsan Moradi

Graph burning is a natural discrete graph algorithm inspired by the spread of social contagion. Despite its simplicity, some open problems remain steadfastly unsolved, notably the burning number conjecture, which says that every connected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-04 Ta Sheng Tan , Wen Chean Teh

Graph burning is a discrete-time process that models the spread of influence in a network. Vertices are either burning or unburned, and in each round, a burning vertex causes all of its neighbours to become burning before a new fire source…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-24 Karen Gunderson , William Kellough , JD Nir , Hritik Punj

Graph burning models the spread of information or contagion in a graph. At each time step, two events occur: neighbours of already burned vertices become burned, and a new vertex is chosen to be burned. The big conjecture is known as the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-18 Danielle Cox , M. E. Messinger , Kerry Ojakian

The burning number $b(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the smallest number of turns required to burn all vertices of a graph if at every turn a new fire is started and existing fires spread to all adjacent vertices. The Burning Number Conjecture of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-29 Sergey Norin , Jérémie Turcotte

The burning number conjecture states that the burning number of a connected graph is at most $\lceil \sqrt{n} \rceil.$ While the conjecture is unresolved, Land and Lu proved that the burning number of a connected graph is at most $…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-05 Anthony Bonato , Shahin Kamali

The burning number $b(G)$ of a graph $G$ was introduced by Bonato, Janssen, and Roshanbin [Lecture Notes in Computer Science 8882 (2014)] for measuring the speed of the spread of contagion in a graph. They proved for any connected graph $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-27 Max Land , Linyuan Lu

In this paper we study the graph parameter of burning number, introduced by Bonato, Janssen, and Roshanbin (2014). We are particular interested in determining the burning number of Circulant graphs. In this paper, we find upper and lower…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-08 Shannon L. Fitzpatrick , Leif Wilm

Burning and cooling are diffusion processes on graphs in which burned (or cooled) vertices spread to their neighbors with a new source picked at discrete time steps. In burning, the one tries to burn the graph as fast as possible, while in…

We study a discrete-time model for the spread of information in a graph, motivated by the idea that people believe a story when they learn of it from two different origins. Similar to the burning number, in this problem, information spreads…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-14 C. B. Jacobs , M. E. Messinger , A. N. Trenk

The spread of an infection, a contagion, meme, emotion, message and various other spreadable objects have been discussed in several works. Burning and firefighting have been discussed in particular on static graphs. Graph burning simulates…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-11-17 Arya Tanmay Gupta

Graph burning is a discrete-time process on graphs where vertices are sequentially activated and burning vertices cause their neighbours to burn over time. In this work, we focus on a dynamic setting in which the graph grows over time, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-21 Jordan Barrett , Karen Gunderson , JD Nir , Pawel Pralat

The burning and forcing processes are both instances of propagation processes on graphs that are commonly used to model real-world spreading phenomena. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. We first establish a connection between…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-16 Aida Abiad , Pax Mallee

The Burning Number Problem (BNP) models the spread of information or contagion in a network through a discrete-time process on a graph. At each step, one new vertex is selected as a burning source, while fire simultaneously spreads from…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Dhanyamol Antony , L. Sunil Chandran , Anita Das , Shirish Gosavi , Dalu Jacob , Shashanka Kulamarva

In a graph $G$, a fire starts at some vertex. At every time step, firefighters can protect up to $k$ vertices, and then the fire spreads to all unprotected neighbours. The $k$-surviving rate $\rho_k(G)$ of $G$ is the expectation of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-05-17 Louis Esperet , Jan van den Heuvel , Frédéric Maffray , Félix Sipma

The burning number of a graph can be used to measure the spreading speed of contagion in a network. The burning number conjecture is arguably the main unresolved conjecture related to this graph parameter, which can be settled by showing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-07-29 Ta Sheng Tan , Wen Chean Teh

We study a model for the destruction of a random network by fire. Suppose that we are given a multigraph of minimum degree at least 2 having real-valued edge-lengths. We pick a uniform point from along the length and set it alight; the…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-14 Christina Goldschmidt , Eleonora Kreačić

Given a graph $G$, the burning number of $G$ is the smallest integer $k$ for which there are vertices $x_1, x_2,\ldots,x_k$ such that $(x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_k)$ is a burning sequence of $G$. It has been shown that the graph burning problem is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-16 Ruiting Zhang , Yingying Yu , Huiqing Liu

Given a graph $G$, the optimization version of the graph burning problem seeks for a sequence of vertices, $(u_1,u_2,...,u_p) \in V(G)^p$, with minimum $p$ and such that every $v \in V(G)$ has distance at most $p-i$ to some vertex $u_i$.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Jesús García-Díaz , José Alejandro Cornejo-Acosta , Joel Trejo Sánchez