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In many BSM theories, especially GUTs, introducing a Brout-Englert-Higgs effect allows for multiple breaking patterns of the gauge symmetry. The possibility to select a particular pattern is usually decisive for the phenomenological…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-08-09 Elizabeth Dobson , Axel Maas , Bernd Riederer

There are three levels of description in classical statistical mechanics, the microscopic/dynamic, the macroscopic/statistical and the thermodynamic. At one end there is a well-used concept of equilibrium in thermodynamics and at the other…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. A. Lavis

We define the unit circle for global function fields. We demonstrate that this unit circle (endearingly termed the \emph{$q$-unit circle}, after the finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ of $q$ elements) enjoys all of the properties akin to the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-01-30 Kenneth Ward

When dealing with certain kind of complex phenomena the theoretician may face some difficulties -- typically a failure to have access to information for properly characterize the system -- for applying the full power of the standard…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Roberto Luzzi , Áurea R. Vasconcellos , J. Galvão Ramos

The cornerstones of Boltzmann-Gibbs and nonextensive statistical mechanics respectively are the entropies $S_{BG} \equiv -k \sum_{i=1}^W p_i \ln p_i $ and $S_{q}\equiv k (1-\sum_{i=1}^Wp_i^{q})/(q-1) (q\in{\mathbb R} ; S_1=S_{BG})$. Through…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-08-23 Constantino Tsallis

Many complex systems are characterized by non-Boltzmann distribution functions of their statistical variables. If one wants to -- justified or not -- hold on to the maximum entropy principle for complex statistical systems (non-Boltzmann)…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Stefan Thurner , Rudolf Hanel

After a brief review of the present status of nonextensive statistical mechanics, we present a conjectural scenario where mixing (characterized by the entropic index $q_{mix} \le 1$) and equilibration (characterized by the entropic index…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-24 Constantino Tsallis , Ernesto P. Borges , Fulvio Baldovin

We brief{}ly review the connection between statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. We show that, in order to satisfy thermodynamics and its Legendre transformation mathematical frame, the celebrated Boltzmann-Gibbs~(BG) statistical…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-11-03 Constantino Tsallis , Leonardo J. L. Cirto

In this paper, we study the binomial sum $S_{n}(q):=% \overset{n}{\underset{k=0}{\sum }}a_{k}\binom{n}{k}\left( 1-q\right) ^{k}q^{n-k}$ for a given sequence $\left( a_{n}\right) $ of real or complex numbers. We express $S_{n}(q)$ in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Laid Elkhiri , Miloud Mihoubi , Meriem Moulay

The correlated probabilistic model introduced and analytically discussed in Hanel et al (2009) is based on a self-dual transformation of the index $q$ which characterizes a current generalization of Boltzmann-Gibbs statistical mechanics,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-11-23 Dario Javier Zamora , Constantino Tsallis

We derive the multiplicative duality "q<->1/q" and other typical mathematical structures as the special cases of the (mu,nu,q)-relation behind Tsallis statistics by means of the (mu,nu)-multinomial coefficient. Recently the additive duality…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-13 Hiroki Suyari , Tatsuaki Wada

It is known that the M\"obius function in number theory is higher order oscillating. In this paper we show that there is another kind of higher order oscillating sequences in the form $(e^{2\pi i \alpha \beta^{n}g(\beta)})_{n\in \N}$, for a…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-06-02 Shigeki Akiyama , Yunping Jiang

We discuss the dynamical quantum systems which turn out to be bi-unitary with respect to the same alternative Hermitian structures in a infinite-dimensional complex Hilbert space. We give a necessary and sufficient condition so that the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 G. Marmo , G. Scolarici , A. Simoni , F. Ventriglia

A variety of astronomical phenomena appear to not satisfy the ergodic hypothesis in the relevant stationary state, if any. As such, there is no reason for expecting the applicability of Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) statistical mechanics. Some of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-07-19 Constantino Tsallis , Domingo Prato , Angel R. Plastino

We introduce a family of deformed Bailey pairs whose $q$-series, which converge in a two-step limit ($q \to 1^-$ followed by $n \to \infty$) to Dirichlet $L$-functions scaled by $1/\sqrt{\pi}$. This construction generalizes to arbitrary…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-11-13 Mahipal Gurram

In this lecture we briefly review the definition, consequences and applications of an entropy, $S_q$, which generalizes the usual Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy $S_{BG}$ ($S_1=S_{BG}$), basis of the usual statistical mechanics, well known to be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Constantino Tsallis , Fulvio Baldovin , Roberto Cerbino , Paolo Pierobon

Nonextensive statistical mechanics has been a source of investigation in mathematical structures such as deformed algebraic structures. In this work, we present some consequences of $q$-operations on the construction of $q$-numbers for all…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-12-20 Thierry C. Petit Lobão , Pedro G. S. Cardoso , Suani T. R. Pinho , Ernesto P. Borges

Consistent statistical physical description is given for systems where the elementary excitations are composite objects. Explicit calculational scheme is constructed for the energy density and the total number of thermodynamical degrees of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-03-01 A. Jakovac

For a set of integers $I$, we define a $q$-ary $I$-cycle to be a assignment of the symbols 1 through $q$ to the integers modulo $q^n$ so that every word appears on some translate of $I$. This definition generalizes that of de Bruijn cycles,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Joshua N. Cooper , Ronald L. Graham

A Q-algebroid is a Lie superalgebroid equipped with a compatible homological vector field and is the infinitesimal object corresponding to a Q-groupoid. We associate to every Q-algebroid a double complex. As a special case, we define the…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2020-03-30 Rajan Amit Mehta