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This paper proposes a new algorithmic framework, predictor-verifier training, to train neural networks that are verifiable, i.e., networks that provably satisfy some desired input-output properties. The key idea is to simultaneously train…

In this paper I will present a novel way of combining proof net proof search with neural networks. It contrasts with the 'standard' approach which has been applied to proof search in type-logical grammars in various different forms. In the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Richard Moot

Deep neural networks are known to be fragile to small adversarial perturbations. This issue becomes more critical when a neural network is interconnected with a physical system in a closed loop. In this paper, we show how to combine recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Yuh-Shyang Wang , Tsui-Wei Weng , Luca Daniel

Software model checkers based on under-approximations and SMT solvers are very successful at verifying safety (i.e. reachability) properties. They combine two key ideas -- (a) "concreteness": a counterexample in an under-approximation is a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-06-11 Anvesh Komuravelli , Arie Gurfinkel , Sagar Chaki , Edmund M. Clarke

Due to significant improvements in performance in recent years, neural networks are currently used for an ever-increasing number of applications. However, neural networks have the drawback that their decisions are not readily interpretable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-15 Christian Berghoff

Formal verification has emerged as a promising method to ensure the safety and reliability of neural networks. However, many relevant properties, such as fairness or global robustness, pertain to the entire input space. If one applies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Faried Abu Zaid , Daniel Neider , Mustafa Yalçıner

Neural network verifiers aim to provide formal guarantees on model behavior, but existing verification benchmarks are fundamentally limited by their lack of ground-truth labels. As a result, verifier evaluation relies on indirect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 David Troxell , Yulia Alexandr , Sofia Hunt , Stephanie Lei , Guido Montúfar

While deep neural networks have achieved remarkable performance, they tend to lack transparency in prediction. The pursuit of greater interpretability in neural networks often results in a degradation of their original performance. Some…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Hefeng Wu , Hao Jiang , Keze Wang , Ziyi Tang , Xianghuan He , Liang Lin

State-of-the-art neural network (NN) verifiers demonstrate that applying the branch-and-bound (BaB) procedure with fast bounding techniques plays a key role in tackling many challenging verification properties. In this work, we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Duo Zhou , Jorge Chavez , Hesun Chen , Grani A. Hanasusanto , Huan Zhang

Overparameterized neural networks enjoy great representation power on complex data, and more importantly yield sufficiently smooth output, which is crucial to their generalization and robustness. Most existing function approximation…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-10 Hao Liu , Minshuo Chen , Siawpeng Er , Wenjing Liao , Tong Zhang , Tuo Zhao

Understanding properties of deep neural networks is an important challenge in deep learning. In this paper, we take a step in this direction by proposing a rigorous way of verifying properties of a popular class of neural networks,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-04 Nina Narodytska , Shiva Prasad Kasiviswanathan , Leonid Ryzhyk , Mooly Sagiv , Toby Walsh

Recent advances in the verification of deep neural networks (DNNs) have opened the way for a broader usage of DNN verification technology in many application areas, including safety-critical ones. However, DNN verifiers are themselves…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Remi Desmartin , Omri Isac , Grant Passmore , Ekaterina Komendantskaya , Kathrin Stark , Guy Katz

Neural networks are often susceptible to minor perturbations in input that cause them to misclassify. A recent solution to this problem is the use of globally-robust neural networks, which employ a function to certify that the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-05-13 James Tobler , Hira Taqdees Syeda , Toby Murray

The increasing size of recently proposed Neural Networks makes it hard to implement them on embedded devices, where memory, battery and computational power are a non-trivial bottleneck. For this reason during the last years network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Dalila Ressi , Riccardo Romanello , Sabina Rossi , Carla Piazza

Quantization replaces floating point arithmetic with integer arithmetic in deep neural network models, providing more efficient on-device inference with less power and memory. In this work, we propose a framework for formally verifying…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Pei Huang , Haoze Wu , Yuting Yang , Ieva Daukantas , Min Wu , Yedi Zhang , Clark Barrett

Branch-and-bound (BaB) is among the most effective techniques for neural network (NN) verification. However, existing works on BaB for NN verification have mostly focused on NNs with piecewise linear activations, especially ReLU networks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Zhouxing Shi , Qirui Jin , Zico Kolter , Suman Jana , Cho-Jui Hsieh , Huan Zhang

Complex and larger networks are becoming increasingly prevalent in scientific applications in various domains. Although a number of models and methods exist for such networks, cross-validation on networks remains challenging due to the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-12 Sayan Chakrabarty , Srijan Sengupta , Yuguo Chen

In studying the expressiveness of neural networks, an important question is whether there are functions which can only be approximated by sufficiently deep networks, assuming their size is bounded. However, for constant depths, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-29 Gal Vardi , Ohad Shamir

Neural network width and depth are fundamental aspects of network topology. Universal approximation theorems provide that with increasing width or depth, there exists a neural network that approximates a function arbitrarily well. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Ibrohim Nosirov , Jeffrey M. Hokanson

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have become one of the enabling technologies in many safety-critical applications, e.g., autonomous driving and medical image analysis. DNN systems, however, suffer from various kinds of threats, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-19 Yu Li , Min Li , Bo Luo , Ye Tian , Qiang Xu