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Recent advances in condensed matter physics have shown that the valley degree of freedom of electrons in 2D materials with hexagonal symmetry, such as graphene, h-BN, and TMDs, can be efficiently exploited, leading to the emergent field of…

Optics · Physics 2018-11-02 S. Guddala , R. Bushati , M. Li , A. B. Khanikaev , V. M. Menon

Sliding ferroelectricity is a phenomenon that arises from the insurgence of spontaneous electronic polarization perpendicular to the layers of two-dimensional (2D) systems upon the relative sliding of the atomic layer constituents. Because…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-21 Matteo D'Alessio , Daniele Varsano , Elisa Molinari , Massimo Rontani

Single-layer semiconducting transition-metal dichalcogenides, lacking point inversion symmetry, provide an efficient platform for valleytronics, where the electronic, magnetic, valley and lattice degrees of freedom can be selectively…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-19 Emmanuele Cappelluti , Habib Rostami , Federico Cilento

Valleytronics rooted in the valley degree of freedom is of both theoretical and technological importance as it offers additional opportunities for information storage and electronic, magnetic and optical switches. In analogy to…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-01-04 Wen-Yi Tong , Shi-Jing Gong , Xiangang Wan , Chun-Gang Duan

van der Waals heterostructures assembled from atomically thin crystals are ideal model systems to study spin-orbital coupled transport because they exhibit a strong interplay between spin, lattice and valley degrees of freedom that can be…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-08-18 Carmen Monaco , Aires Ferreira , Roberto Raimondi

Unique electronic spin textures in topological states of matter are promising for emerging spin-orbit driven memory and logic technologies. However, there are several challenges related to the enhancement of their performance, electrical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-08-10 Dmitrii Khokhriakov , Anamul Md. Hoque , Bogdan Karpiak , Saroj P. Dash

We combined a spin-resolved photoemission spectrometer with a high-harmonic generation (HHG) laser source in order to perform spin-, time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (STARPES) experiments on the transition metal…

Van der Waals heterostructures formed by two different monolayer semiconductors have emerged as a promising platform for new optoelectronic and spin/valleytronic applications. In addition to its atomically thin nature, a two-dimensional…

A bulk material without inversion symmetry can generate a direct current under illumination. This interface-free current generation mechanism, referred to as the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE), does not rely on $p$-$n$ junctions. Here, we…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-05-01 Zhuang Qian , Jian Zhou , Hua Wang , Shi Liu

Charge transfer plays a key role at the interfaces of heterostructures, which can affect electronic structures and ultimately the physical properties of the materials. However, charge transfer is difficult to manipulate externally once the…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-02-08 Zi-Ao Wang , Weishan Xue , Faguang Yan , Wenkai Zhu , Yi Liu , Xinhui Zhang , Zhongming Wei , Kai Chang , Zhe Yuan , Kaiyou Wang

Intense light-matter interactions and unique structural and electrical properties make Van der Waals heterostructures composed by Graphene (Gr) and monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) promising building blocks for tunnelling…

We achieve the enhancement of circular photogalvanic effect arising from the photo-injection of spins in topological insulator thin films by tuning the Fermi level ($E_{\rm F}$). A series of (Bi$_{1-x}$Sb$_x$)$_2$Te$_3$ thin films were…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-02-09 K. N. Okada , N. Ogawa , R. Yoshimi , A. Tsukazaki , K. S. Takahashi , M. Kawasaki , Y. Tokura

Two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal materials have been intensively explored for multiple optoelectronic applications such as spin current generation, all-optical valleytronics, and topological electronics. In the realm of strong-field and…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-09-09 Anna Galler , Ofer Neufeld

NiI2 is an exotic van der Waals material in which a noncollinear spin spiral breaks spatial inversion symmetry without sizeable structural distortion, generating improper ferroelectric polarization, and stabilizing p-wave magnetic states…

The ability to optically engineer the Dirac band and electrically control the Fermi level in two-dimensional (2D) Dirac systems, such as graphene, has significantly advanced quantum technologies. However, similar tunability has remained…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-01-29 Sobhan Subhra Mishra , Thomas CaiWei Tan , Manoj Gupta , Faxian Xiu , Ranjan Singh

Light-induced sliding ferroelectricity in two-dimensional van der Waals materials enables polarization control via relative layer motion. However, polarization switching occurs on the time scale of shear modes (tens of ps) and requires very…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-05-26 Xiangzhou Zhu , Stefano Mocatti , Matteo Calandra

The emergence of two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenide materials has sparked an intense activity in valleytronics since their valley information can be directly encoded and detected by using the spin angular momentum of light. For…

Full experimental control of local spin-charge interconversion is of primary interest for spintronics. Heterostructures combining graphene with a strongly spin-orbit coupled two-dimensional (2D) material enable such functionality by design.…

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) semiconductors provide a unique possibility to access the electronic valley degree of freedom using polarized light, opening the way to valley information transfer between distant…

We have studied theoretically the Weyl semimetals the point symmetry group of which has reflection planes and which contain equivalent valleys with opposite chiralities. These include the most frequently studied compounds, namely the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-09-09 N. V. Leppenen , E. L. Ivchenko , L. E. Golub