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Related papers: Generalized SAT-Attack-Resistant Logic Locking

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State-of-the-art attacks against cyclic logic obfuscation use satisfiability solvers that are equipped with a set of cycle avoidance clauses. These cycle avoidance clauses are generated in a pre-processing step and define various key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Shervin Roshanisefat , Hadi Mardani Kamali , Houman Homayoun , Avesta Sasan

Outsourcing in semiconductor industry opened up venues for faster and cost-effective chip manufacturing. However, this also introduced untrusted entities with malicious intent, to steal intellectual property (IP), overproduce the circuits,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Nimisha Limaye , Ozgur Sinanoglu

Logic locking is a prominent technique to protect the integrity of hardware designs throughout the integrated circuit design and fabrication flow. However, in recent years, the security of locking schemes has been thoroughly challenged by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-20 Dominik Sisejkovic , Farhad Merchant , Lennart M. Reimann , Harshit Srivastava , Ahmed Hallawa , Rainer Leupers

Logic locking protects an IC from threats such as piracy of design IP and unauthorized overproduction throughout the IC supply chain. Out of the several techniques proposed by the research community, provably-secure logic locking (PSLL) has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Satwik Patnaik , Nimisha Limaye , Ozgur Sinanoglu

Integrated circuits (ICs) are the foundation of all computing systems. They comprise high-value hardware intellectual property (IP) that are at risk of piracy, reverse-engineering, and modifications while making their way through the…

Logic locking is a promising technique for protecting integrated circuit designs while outsourcing their fabrication. Recently, graph neural network (GNN)-based link prediction attacks have been developed which can successfully break all…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Subhajit Dutta Chowdhury , Kaixin Yang , Pierluigi Nuzzo

Logic locking as a solution for semiconductor intellectual property (IP) confidentiality has received considerable attention in academia, but has yet to produce a viable solution to protect against known threats. In part due to a lack of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Jonathan Cruz , Jason Hamlet

The outsourcing of the design and manufacturing of integrated circuits has raised severe concerns about the piracy of Intellectual Properties and illegal overproduction. Logic locking has emerged as an obfuscation technique to protect…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Yadi Zhong , Ayush Jain , M. Tanjidur Rahman , Navid Asadizanjani , Jiafeng Xie , Ujjwal Guin

In this paper, we propose a canonical prune-and-SAT (CP&SAT) attack for breaking state-of-the-art routing-based obfuscation techniques. In the CP&SAT attack, we first encode the key-programmable routing blocks (keyRBs) based on an efficient…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Hadi Mardani Kamali , Kimia Zamiri Azar , Houman Homayoun , Avesta Sasan

Logic locking aims to protect the intellectual property (IP) of integrated circuit (IC) designs throughout the globalized supply chain. The SAIL attack, based on tailored machine learning (ML) models, circumvents combinational logic locking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Lilas Alrahis , Satwik Patnaik , Johann Knechtel , Hani Saleh , Baker Mohammad , Mahmoud Al-Qutayri , Ozgur Sinanoglu

The outsourcing of semiconductor manufacturing raises security risks, such as piracy and overproduction of hardware intellectual property. To overcome this challenge, logic locking has emerged to lock a given circuit using additional key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Kevin Lopez , Amin Rezaei

Logic locking has been proposed to safeguard intellectual property (IP) during chip fabrication. Logic locking techniques protect hardware IP by making a subset of combinational modules in a design dependent on a secret key that is withheld…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Hongye Xu , Dongfang Liu , Cory Merkel , Michael Zuzak

The Circuit Satisfiability (CSAT) problem, a variant of the Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) problem, plays a critical role in integrated circuit design and verification. However, existing SAT solvers, optimized for Conjunctive Normal Form…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Zhengyuan Shi , Tiebing Tang , Jiaying Zhu , Sadaf Khan , Hui-Ling Zhen , Mingxuan Yuan , Zhufei Chu , Qiang Xu

In recent years, quantum computing has started to demonstrate superior efficiency to classical computing. In quantum computing, quantum circuits that implement specific quantum algorithms are usually not directly executable on quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-19 Yuntao Liu , Jayden John , Qian Wang

Logic locking has been a promising solution to many hardware security threats, such as intellectual property infringement and overproduction. Due to the increased attention that threats have received, many efficient specialized attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-12 F. Almeida , L. Aksoy , Q-L. Nguyen , S. Dupuis , M-L. Flottes , S. Pagliarini

Due to cost benefits, supply chains of integrated circuits (ICs) are largely outsourced nowadays. However, passing ICs through various third-party providers gives rise to many threats, like piracy of IC intellectual property or insertion of…

Propositional satisfiability (SAT) is at the nucleus of state-of-the-art approaches to a variety of computationally hard problems, one of which is cryptanalysis. Moreover, a number of practical applications of SAT can only be tackled…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-14 Alexander Semenov , Oleg Zaikin , Ilya Otpuschennikov , Stepan Kochemazov , Alexey Ignatiev

Gate camouflaging is a known security enhancement technique that tries to thwart reverse engineering by hiding the functions of gates or the connections between them. A number of works on SAT-based attacks have shown that it is often…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Shahrzad Keshavarz , Falk Schellenberg , Bastian Richter , Christof Paar , Daniel Holcomb

The semiconductor industry's paradigm shift towards fabless integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing has introduced security threats, including piracy, counterfeiting, hardware Trojans, and overproduction. In response to these challenges,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Felipe Almeida , Levent Aksoy , Samuel Pagliarini

Logic locking remains one of the most promising defenses against hardware piracy, yet current approaches often face challenges in scalability and design overhead. In this paper, we present TLGLock, a new design paradigm that leverages the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Abdullah Sahruri , Martin Margala