Related papers: Lagrangians and integrability for additive fourth-…
Recently, the first-named author gave a classification of 3D consistent 6-tuples of quad-equations with the tetrahedron property; several novel asymmetric 6-tuples have been found. Due to 3D consistency, these 6-tuples can be extended to…
The problem of discretization of Darboux integrable equations is considered. Given a Darboux integrable continuous equation, one can obtain a Darboux integrable differential-discrete equation, using the integrals of the continuous equation.…
In this paper, we study the Lagrangian functions for a class of second-order differential systems arising from physics. For such systems, we present necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of Lagrangian functions. Based on the…
Lie symmetries of systems of second-order linear ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients are exhaustively described over both the complex and real fields. The exact lower and upper bounds for the dimensions of the maximal…
In this paper we discuss the integrability properties of a nonlinear partial difference equation on the square obtained by the multiple scale integrability test from a class of multilinear dispersive equations defined on a four points…
The paper presents a new method for finding first integrals of ordinary difference equations which do not possess Lagrangians, nor Hamiltonians. As an example we solve a third order nonlinear ordinary differential equation and its invariant…
We analyze the relation between the concept of auxiliary variables and the Inverse problem of the calculus of variations to construct a Lagrangian from a given set of equations of motion. The problem of the construction of a consistent…
In an attempt to look for the root of nonstandard Lagrangians in the theories of the inverse variational problem we introduce a logarithmic Lagrangian (LL) in addition to the so-called reciprocal Lagrangian (RL) that exists in the…
Discrete approximations to the equation \begin{equation*} L_{cont}u = u^{(4)} + D(x) u^{(3)} + A(x) u^{(2)} + (A'(x)+H(x)) u^{(1)} + B(x) u = f, \; x\in[0,1] \end{equation*} are considered. This is an extension of the Sturm-Liouville case…
In this paper, we present methods to simplify reducible linear differential systems before solving. Classical integrals appear naturally as solutions of such systems. We will illustrate the methods developed in a previous paper on several…
We prove necessary optimality conditions for problems of the calculus of variations on time scales with a Lagrangian depending on the free end-point.
The notion of multidimensional quadrilateral lattice is introduced. It is shown that such a lattice is characterized by a system of integrable discrete nonlinear equations. Different useful formulations of the system are given. The…
We characterize non-degenerate Lagrangians of the form $ \int f(u_x, u_y, u_t) dx dy dt $ such that the corresponding Euler-Lagrange equations $ (f_{u_x})_x+ (f_{u_y})_y+ (f_{u_t})_t=0 $ are integrable by the method of hydrodynamic…
Necessary optimality conditions in Lagrangian form and the sequential minimization framework are extended to mixed-integer nonlinear optimization, without any convexity assumptions. Building upon a recently developed notion of local…
In backward error analysis, an approximate solution to an equation is compared to the exact solution to a nearby modified equation. In numerical ordinary differential equations, the two agree up to any power of the step size. If the…
We develop in this paper a new framework for discrete calculus of variations when the actions have densities involving an arbitrary discretization operator. We deduce the discrete Euler-Lagrange equations for piecewise continuous critical…
We introduce and prove evaluations for families of multiple elliptic integrals by solving special types of ordinary and partial differential equations. As an application, we obtain new expressions of Ramanujan-type series of level 4 and…
We explore various combinatorial problems mostly borrowed from physics, that share the property of being continuously or discretely integrable, a feature that guarantees the existence of conservation laws that often make the problems…
We propose two different Lagrange multiplier methods for contact problems derived from the augmented Lagrangian variational formulation. Both the obstacle problem, where a constraint on the solution is imposed in the bulk domain and the…
This paper addresses both necessary and relevant sufficient extremum conditions for a variational problem defined by a smooth Lagrangian, involving higher derivatives of several variable vector valued functions. A general formulation of…