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For a set $A$ of nonnegative integers, let $R_2(A,n)$ denote the number of solutions to $n=a+a'$ with $a,a'\in A$, $a<a'$. Let $A_0$ be the Thue-Morse sequence and $B_0=\mathbb{N}\setminus A_0$. Let $A\subset \mathbb{N}$ and $N$ be a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-06 Xing-Wang Jiang , Csaba Sandor , Quan-Hui Yang

The automatic complexity of a finite word (string) is an analogue for finite automata of Sipser's distinguishing complexity (1983) and was introduced by Shallit and Wang (2001). For a finite alphabet $\Sigma$ of at least two elements, we…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Joey Chen , Bjørn Kjos-Hanssen , Ivan Koswara , Linus Richter , Frank Stephan

We describe a minimization procedure for nondeterministic B\"uchi automata (NBA). For an automaton A another automaton A_min with the minimal number of states is learned with the help of a SAT-solver. This is done by successively computing…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-10-10 Stephan Barth , Martin Hofmann

Recently, Fici, Restivo, Silva, and Zamboni defined a $k$-anti-power to be a word of the form $w_1w_2\cdots w_k$, where $w_1,w_2,\ldots,w_k$ are distinct words of the same length. They defined $AP(x,k)$ to be the set of all positive…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-11 Colin Defant

Symbolic automata are finite state automata that support potentially infinite alphabets, such as the set of rational numbers, generally applied to regular expressions/languages over finite words. In symbolic automata (or automata modulo…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Margus Veanes , Thomas Ball , Gabriel Ebner , Olli Saarikivi

The Monotone Min-Plus Product problem is a useful primitive that has seen many algorithmic applications over the past decade. In this problem, we are given two $n\times n$ integer matrices $A$ and $B$, where each row of $B$ is a monotone…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Ce Jin , Jaewoo Park , Barna Saha , Yinzhan Xu

We prove that, for any arbitrary finite alphabet and for the uniform distribution over deterministic and accessible automata with n states, the average complexity of Moore's state minimization algorithm is in O(n log n). Moreover this bound…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-02-09 Frédérique Bassino , Julien David , Cyril Nicaud

A $k$-configuration is a collection of $k$ distinct integers $x_1,\ldots,x_k$ together with their pairwise arithmetic means $\frac{x_i+x_j}{2}$ for $1 \leq i < j \leq k$. Building on recent work of Filmus, Hatami, Hosseini and Kelman on…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-20 Adrian Beker

Under some mild assumptions, we study the state complexity of the trim minimal automaton accepting the greedy representations of the multiples of m >= 2 for a wide class of linear numeration systems. As an example, the number of states of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2010-08-11 Emilie Charlier , Narad Rampersad , Michel Rigo , Laurent Waxweiler

We describe a class of matrices whose determinants are trivial to compute. A nice example of such a matrix is given by considering the symmetric matrix with entries {i+j choose i} (mod 2) in {0,1}, 0 <= i,j < n the binomial coefficients…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Roland Bacher

We say that two finite words $u$ and $v$ are abelian equivalent if and only if they have the same number of occurrences of each letter, or equivalently if they define the same Parikh vector. In this paper we investigate various abelian…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-04-21 Gwénaël Richomme , Kalle Saari , Luca Q. Zamboni

G. Rauzy showed that the Tribonacci minimal subshift generated by the morphism $\tau: 0\mapsto 01, 1\mapsto 02 and 2\mapsto 0$ is measure-theoretically conjugate to an exchange of three fractal domains on a compact set in $R^2$, each domain…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-05-17 Gwénaël Richomme , Kalle Saari , Luca Q. Zamboni

We study the Borel complexity of sets of normal numbers in several numeration systems. Taking a dynamical point of view, we offer a unified treatment for continued fraction expansions and base $r$ expansions, and their various…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-01-17 Dylan Airey , Steve Jackson , Dominik Kwietniak , Bill Mance

Let M denote the space of Borel probability measures on the real line. For every nonnegative t we consider the transformation $\mathbb B_t : M \to M$ defined for any given element in M by taking succesively the the (1+t) power with respect…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2008-08-19 Serban T. Belinschi , Alexandru Nica

We describe a technique for mechanically proving certain kinds of theorems in combinatorics on words, using automata and a package for manipulating them. We illustrate our technique by solving, purely mechanically, an open problem of Currie…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2012-03-30 Dane Henshall , Jeffrey Shallit

The minimal excludant statistic, which denotes the smallest positive integer that is not a part of an integer partition, has received great interest in recent years. In this paper, we move on to the smallest positive integer whose frequency…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Shane Chern , Ernest X. W. Xia

We present results on the existence of long arithmetic progressions in the Thue-Morse word and in a class of generalised Thue-Morse words. Our arguments are inspired by van der Waerden's proof for the existence of arbitrary long…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Ibai Aedo , Uwe Grimm , Yasushi Nagai , Petra Staynova

We implement a decision procedure for answering questions about a class of infinite words that might be called (for lack of a better name) "Tribonacci-automatic". This class includes, for example, the famous Tribonacci word T =…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2014-07-29 Hamoon Mousavi , Jeffrey Shallit

Golomb's sequence is the unique nondecreasing sequence of positive integers in which each $n$ appears exactly $a(n)$ times. It satisfies the global self-referential rule \[ a\bigl(a(n)+a(n-1)+\cdots+a(1)\bigr)=n, \] grows smoothly like a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-06 Benoit Cloitre

Let $B_n(m)$ be a set picked uniformly at random among all $m$-elements subsets of $\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$. We provide a pathwise construction of the collection $(B_n(m))_{1\leq m\leq n}$ and prove that the logarithm of the least common multiple…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-04-14 Dariusz Buraczewski , Alexander Iksanov , Alexander Marynych
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