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Euclidean volume ratios between quantum states with positive partial transpose and all quantum states in bipartite systems are investigated. These ratios allow a quantitative exploration of the typicality of entanglement and of its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-07 A. Sauer , J. Z. Bernád , H. J. Moreno , G. Alber

A theory is universal contextual if its prediction cannot be reproduced by an ontological model satisfying both preparation and measurement noncontextuality assumptions. In this report, we first generalize the logical proofs of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-12-24 A. K. Pan

Access control is a cornerstone of computer security that prevents unauthorised access to resources. In this paper, we study access control in quantum computer systems. We present the first explicit scenario of a security breach when a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Zhicheng Zhang , Mingsheng Ying

The violation of a Bell inequality is the paradigmatic example of device-independent quantum information: the nonclassicality of the data is certified without the knowledge of the functioning of devices. In practice, however, all Bell…

Here, we present the quantum version of a very famous statistical decision problem, whose classical version is counter-intuitive to many. The Monty Hall game can be phrased as a two person game between Alice and Bob. In their pioneering…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-24 Souvik Paul , Bikash K. Behera , Prasanta K. Panigrahi

We propose a quantum-like description of markets and economics. The approach has roots in the recently developed quantum game theory.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 E. W. Piotrowski , J. Sladkowski

Quantum games embody non-intuitive consequences of quantum phenomena, such as entanglement and contextuality. The Mermin-Peres game is a simple example, demonstrating how two players can utilise shared quantum information to win a no -…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-15 Colm Kelleher , Frédéric Holweck , Péter Lévay

Bell's inequality plays an important role with respect to the Einsteinian question about the physical reality of quantum theory. While Bell's inequality is usually viewed within the geometric framework of a Hilbert space quantum model, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-26 Ulrich Faigle

Learning in games has emerged as a powerful tool for machine learning with numerous applications. Quantum games model interactions between strategic players who have access to quantum resources, and several recent works have studied…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Wayne Lin , Georgios Piliouras , Ryann Sim , Antonios Varvitsiotis

Mathematical reasoning with algebraic and graphical representations is essential for success in physics courses. Many problems require students to fluently move between algebraic and graphical representations. We developed a freely…

Bell nonlocality -- the existence of quantum correlations that cannot be explained by classical means -- is certainly one of the most striking features of quantum mechanics. Its range of applications in device-independent protocols is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-06 Rafael Santos , Debashis Saha , Flavio Baccari , Remigiusz Augusiak

In this article we are willing to give some first steps to quantum mechanics and a motivation of quantum mechanics and its interpretation for undergraduate students not from physics. After a short historical review in the development we…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-08-02 Philipp Pluch

I draw attention to statistical, probabilistic, computer science aspects of the highly related topics of the Bell game and of a possible future Quantum Internet.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-30 Richard D. Gill

We propose a simple yet rich model to extend the notions of Nash equilibria and correlated equilibria of strategic games to the quantum setting, in which we then study the relations between classical and quantum equilibria. Unlike the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Shengyu Zhang

We give a (remote) quantum gambling scheme that makes use of the fact that quantum nonorthogonal states cannot be distinguished with certainty. In the proposed scheme, two participants Alice and Bob can be regarded as playing a game of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 W. Y. Hwang , D. Ahn , S. W. Hwang

In this article, we provide an extensive overview of a wide range of quantum games and interactive tools that have been employed by the community in recent years. The paper presents selected tools, as described by their developers. The list…

In quantum information, lifting is a systematic procedure that can be used to derive---when provided with a seed Bell inequality---other Bell inequalities applicable in more complicated Bell scenarios. It is known that the procedure of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-13 C. Jebarathinam , Jui-Chen Hung , Shin-Liang Chen , Yeong-Cherng Liang

We propose an alternative evaluation of quantum entanglement by measuring the maximum violation of the Bell's inequality without performing a partial trace operation. This proposal is demonstrated by bridging the maximum violation of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-11 Po-Yao Chang , Su-Kuan Chu , Chen-Te Ma

Semi-device-independent quantum key distribution aims to achieve a balance between the highest level of security, device independence, and experimental feasibility. Semi-quantum key distribution presents an intriguing approach that seeks to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-23 Mário Silva , Ricardo Faleiro , Paulo Mateus , Emmanuel Zambrini Cruzeiro

Games with unawareness model strategic situations in which players' perceptions about the game are limited. They take into account the fact that the players may be unaware of some of the strategies available to them or their opponents as…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-15 Piotr Frackiewicz