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The contextual bandit framework is widely used to solve sequential optimization problems where the reward of each decision depends on auxiliary context variables. In settings such as medicine, business, and engineering, the decision maker…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-17 Kevin Li , Eric Laber

Precision mental health requires treatment decisions that account for heterogeneous symptoms reflecting multiple clinical domains. However, existing methods for estimating individualized treatment effects (ITE) rely on a single summary…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yuying Lu , Wenbo Fei , Yuanjia Wang , Molei Liu

The deployment of Multi-Armed Bandits (MAB) has become commonplace in many economic applications. However, regret guarantees for even state-of-the-art linear bandit algorithms (such as Optimism in the Face of Uncertainty Linear bandit…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-02-28 Jingwen Zhang , Yifang Chen , Amandeep Singh

This paper presents a concise review of Contextual Multi-Armed Bandit (CMAB) methods and introduces an experimental framework for scalable, interpretable offer selection, addressing the challenge of fast-changing offers. The approach models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Nikola Tankovic , Robert Sajina

We study Contextual Multi-Armed Bandits (CMABs) for non-episodic sequential decision making problems where the context includes both textual and numerical information (e.g., recommendation systems, dynamic portfolio adjustments, offer…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Uljad Berdica , Fernando Acero , Anton Ipsen , Parisa Zehtabi , Michael Cashmore , Manuela Veloso

We study a variant of the classical stochastic $K$-armed bandit where observing the outcome of each arm is expensive, but cheap approximations to this outcome are available. For example, in online advertising the performance of an ad can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-01 Kirthevasan Kandasamy , Gautam Dasarathy , Jeff Schneider , Barnabás Póczos

Upper Confidence Bound (UCB) is arguably the most commonly used method for linear multi-arm bandit problems. While conceptually and computationally simple, this method highly relies on the confidence bounds, failing to strike the optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-05 Kaige Yang , Laura Toni

We consider the problem of selecting a seed set to maximize the expected number of influenced nodes in the social network, referred to as the \textit{influence maximization} (IM) problem. We assume that the topology of the social network is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Xiaojin Zhang

Individual treatment effect (ITE) represents the expected improvement in the outcome of taking a particular action to a particular target, and plays important roles in decision making in various domains. However, its estimation problem is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-12 Shonosuke Harada , Hisashi Kashima

We present an online tutoring system that learns to provide effective feedback to students after they answer questions incorrectly. Using data from one million students, the system learns which assistance action (e.g., one of multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Robin Schmucker , Nimish Pachapurkar , Shanmuga Bala , Miral Shah , Tom Mitchell

Supervised machine learning methods require large-scale training datasets to perform well in practice. Synthetic data has been showing great progress recently and has been used as a complement to real data. However, there is yet a great…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Abdulrahman Kerim , Leandro Soriano Marcolino , Erickson R. Nascimento , Richard Jiang

Treatment allocation under budget constraints is a central challenge in digital advertising: advertisers must decide which users to show ads to while spending a limited budget wisely. The standard approach follows a two-stage offline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Abhirami Pillai

We study contextual combinatorial bandits with probabilistically triggered arms (C$^2$MAB-T) under a variety of smoothness conditions that capture a wide range of applications, such as contextual cascading bandits and contextual influence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Xutong Liu , Jinhang Zuo , Siwei Wang , John C. S. Lui , Mohammad Hajiesmaili , Adam Wierman , Wei Chen

We consider the contextual combinatorial bandit setting where in each round, the learning agent, e.g., a recommender system, selects a subset of "arms," e.g., products, and observes rewards for both the individual base arms, which are a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Baran Atalar , Carlee Joe-Wong

Multi-armed bandit (MAB) is a widely adopted framework for sequential decision-making under uncertainty. Traditional bandit algorithms rely solely on online data, which tends to be scarce as it must be gathered during the online phase when…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-23 Wenlong Ji , Yihan Pan , Ruihao Zhu , Lihua Lei

Multi-armed bandits (MAB) and causal MABs (CMAB) are established frameworks for decision-making problems. The majority of prior work typically studies and solves individual MAB and CMAB in isolation for a given problem and associated data.…

In this paper, we consider a risk-averse multi-armed bandit (MAB) problem where the goal is to learn a policy that minimizes the risk of low expected return, as opposed to maximizing the expected return itself, which is the objective in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-12 Yi Shen , Jessilyn Dunn , Michael M. Zavlanos

We introduce in this paper a new algorithm for Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) problems. A machine learning paradigm popular within Cognitive Network related topics (e.g., Spectrum Sensing and Allocation). We focus on the case where the rewards…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-04-10 Wassim Jouini , Christophe Moy

Contextual multi-armed bandit has shown to be an effective tool in recommender systems. In this paper, we study a novel problem of multi-facet bandits involving a group of bandits, each characterizing the users' needs from one unique…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Yikun Ban , Jingrui He , Curtiss B. Cook

The problem of combinatorial multi-armed bandits with probabilistically triggered arms (CMAB-T) has been extensively studied. Prior work primarily focuses on either the online setting where an agent learns about the unknown environment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Kongchang Zhou , Tingyu Zhang , Wei Chen , Fang Kong