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Given a graph $G$, we let $s^+(G)$ denote the sum of the squares of the positive eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of $G$, and we similarly define $s^-(G)$. We prove that \[\chi_f(G)\ge…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-10 Krystal Guo , Sam Spiro

Recently, we have witnessed tremendous applications of algebraic intersection theory to branches of mathematics, that previously seemed very distant. In this article we review some of them. Our aim is to provide a unified approach to the…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-11-04 Rodica Andreea Dinu , Mateusz Michałek , Tim Seynnaeve

Let $G$ be a connected undirected graph with $n$, $n\ge 3$, vertices and $m$ edges. Denote by $\rho_1 \ge \rho_2 \ge \cdots > \rho_n =0$ the normalized Laplacian eigenvalues of $G$. Upper and lower bounds of $\rho_i$, $i=1,2,\ldots , n-1$,…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-19 Emina I. Milovanovic , Igor Z. Milovanovic

We show that there exists a constant $c > 0$ such that if $G$ is a planar graph with 5-correspondence assignment $(L,M)$, then $G$ has at least $2^{c\cdot v(G)}$ distinct $(L,M)$-colourings. This confirms a conjecture of Langhede and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-02 Luke Postle , Evelyne Smith-Roberge

A lower bound is obtained for the greatest possible number of colors in an interval colourings of some regular graphs.

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-12-20 Rafael R. Kamalian , Petros A. Petrosyan

In this paper, we derive Li-Yau inequality for unbounded Laplacian on complete weighted graphs with the assumption of the curvature-dimension inequality $CDE'(n,K)$, which can be regarded as a notion of curvature on graphs. Furthermore, we…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2018-01-25 Chao Gong , Yong Lin , Shuang Liu , Shing-Tung Yau

The topological Tverberg theorem has been generalized in several directions by setting extra restrictions on the Tverberg partitions. Restricted Tverberg partitions, defined by the idea that certain points cannot be in the same part, are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-11-06 Alexander Engström , Patrik Norén

We present a characterization of eigenvalue inequalities between two Hermitian matrices by means of inertia indices. As applications, we deal with some classical eigenvalue inequalities for Hermitian matrices, including the Cauchy…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-28 Sai-Nan Zheng , Xi Chen , Lily Li Liu , Yi Wang

We present a method for proving upper bounds on the eigenvalues of the graph Laplacian. A main step involves choosing an appropriate "Riemannian" metric to uniformize the geometry of the graph. In many interesting cases, the existence of…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2011-07-26 Jonathan A. Kelner , James R. Lee , Gregory N. Price , Shang-Hua Teng

In a fractional coloring, vertices of a graph are assigned measurable subsets of the real line and adjacent vertices receive disjoint subsets; the fractional chromatic number of a graph is at most $k$ if it has a fractional coloring in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-25 Tom Kelly , Luke Postle

Let $G$ be a simple graph with the Laplacian matrix $L(G)$ and let $e(G)$ be the number of edges of $G$. A conjecture by Brouwer and a conjecture by Grone and Merris state that the sum of the $k$ largest Laplacian eigenvalues of $G$ is at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-13 Asghar Bahmani

Let G be a graph, H be its chromatic number, L be the largest eigenvalue of its Laplacian, and M be the largest eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix. Then, complementing a well-known result of Hoffman, we show that L>=(H/(H-1))M

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-06-07 Vladimir Nikiforov

Colored multiset Eulerian polynomials are a common generalization of MacMahon's multiset Eulerian polynomials and the colored Eulerian polynomials, both of which are known to satisfy well-studied distributional properties including…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-29 Danai Deligeorgaki , Bin Han , Liam Solus

We develop further the new versions of quantum chromatic numbers of graphs introduced by the first and fourth authors. We prove that the problem of computation of the commuting quantum chromatic number of a graph is solvable by an SDP…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2016-02-18 Vern I. Paulsen , Simone Severini , Daniel Stahlke , Ivan G. Todorov , Andreas Winter

We study a generalisation of Vizing's theorem, where the goal is to simultaneously colour the edges of graphs $G_1,\dots,G_k$ with few colours. We obtain asymptotically optimal bounds for the required number of colours in terms of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-07 Simona Boyadzhiyska , Richard Lang , Allan Lo , Michael Molloy

In this paper we prove a conjecture by Wocjan, Elphick and Anekstein (2018) which upper bounds the sum of the squares of the positive (or negative) eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of a graph by an expression that behaves monotonically…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-14 Gabriel Coutinho , Thomás Jung Spier , Shengtong Zhang

We study randomly coloured graphs embedded into Euclidean space, whose vertex sets are infinite, uniformly discrete subsets of finite local complexity. We construct the appropriate ergodic dynamical systems, explicitly characterise ergodic…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2007-09-07 Peter Müller , Christoph Richard

Linear statistics of eigenvalues in many familiar classes of random matrices are known to obey gaussian central limit theorems. The proofs of such results are usually rather difficult, involving hard computations specific to the model in…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-11-25 Sourav Chatterjee

In this paper we study threshold coloring of graphs, where the vertex colors represented by integers are used to describe any spanning subgraph of the given graph as follows. Pairs of vertices with near colors imply the edge between them is…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-05-20 Md. Jawaherul Alam , Steven Chaplick , Gašper Fijavž , Michael Kaufmann , Stephen G. Kobourov , Sergey Pupyrev

We present asymptotically sharp inequalities, containing a second term, for the Dirichlet and Neumann eigenvalues of the Laplacian on a domain, which are complementary to the familiar Berezin-Li-Yau and Kr\"oger inequalities in the limit as…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-18 Evans M. Harrell , Luigi Provenzano , Joachim Stubbe