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We implemented a quasi time-dependent 2D stochastic model of solar modulation describing the transport of cosmic rays (CR) in the heliosphere. Our code can modulate the Local Interstellar Spectrum (LIS) of a generic charged particle (light…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 P. Bobik , M. J. Boschini , C. Consolandi , S. Della Torre , M. Gervasi , D. Grandi , K. Kudela , S. Pensotti , P. G. Rancoita

We study the propagation of mildly-relativistic cosmic rays (CRs) in multiphase interstellar medium environments with conditions typical of nearby disk galaxies. We employ the techniques developed in Armillotta+21 to post-process three…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-05-04 Lucia Armillotta , Eve C. Ostriker , Yan-Fei Jiang

Isotropic diffusion models for Galactic cosmic ray transport put tight constraints on the maximum convection velocity in the halo. For a half halo height of 4 kpc the maximum convection speed is limited to 40 km/s in the halo, since…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2009-10-13 Iris Gebauer , Wim de Boer

We calculate the diffusion coefficients of charged cosmic rays (CR) propagating in regular and turbulent magnetic fields. If the magnetic field is dominated by an isotropic turbulent component, we find that CRs reside too long in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-24 G. Giacinti , M. Kachelriess , D. V. Semikoz

As galactic cosmic rays propagate through the turbulent plasma environment within the heliosphere, they undergo a process of diffusion, drift and energy loss, leading to a notable reduction in their flux. This is the solar modulation…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-23 Cheng-Rui Zhu , Mei-Juan Wang

The nature of cosmic ray (CR) transport in the Milky Way remains elusive. The predictions of current micro-physical CR transport models in magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence are drastically different from what is observed. These models…

Cosmic rays (CRs) are dynamically important for the formation and evolution of galaxies by regulating star formation and by powering galactic outflows. However, to what extent CRs regulate galaxy formation depends on the coupling strength…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-12-27 Philipp Girichidis , Maria Werhahn , Christoph Pfrommer , Rüdiger Pakmor , Volker Springel

Feedback mediated by cosmic rays (CRs) is an important process in galaxy formation. Because CRs are long-lived and because they are transported along magnetic field lines independently of any gas flow, they can efficiently distribute their…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-03-24 Timon Thomas , Christoph Pfrommer , Rüdiger Pakmor

Low-frequency radio observations of diffuse synchrotron radiation offer a unique vantage point for investigating the intricate relationship between gas and magnetic fields in the formation of structures within the Galaxy, spanning from the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-05-29 Andrea Bracco , Marco Padovani , Daniele Galli

The transport of charged particles in disorganised magnetic fields is an important issue which concerns the propagation of cosmic rays of all energies in a variety of astrophysical environments, such as the interplanetary, interstellar and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Fabien Casse , Martin Lemoine , Guy Pelletier

The bulk propagation speed of GeV-energy cosmic rays is limited by frequent scattering off hydromagnetic waves. Most galaxy evolution simulations that account for this confinement assume the gas is fully ionized and cosmic rays are…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-06-09 Chad Bustard , Ellen G. Zweibel

Two-dimensional radiative transfer is employed to obtain the broad-band infrared spectrum of active galaxies. In the models we vary the geometry and size of the obscuring medium, the surface density, the opacity and the grain size…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 I. M. van Bemmel , C. P. Dullemond

We are constructing a model which aims to reproduce observational data of many kinds related to cosmic-ray origin and propagation: direct measurements of nuclei, antiprotons, electrons and positrons, gamma-rays, and synchrotron radiation.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. W. Strong , I. V. Moskalenko

Low-mass galaxies are subject to strong galactic outflows, in which cosmic rays may play an important role, they can be best traced with low-frequency radio continuum observations, which are less affected by spectral ageing. We present a…

We present a proposal for the full phase space distribution of the Milky Way halo. The model is axially and reflection symmetric and its time evolution is self-similar. It describes the halo as a set of discrete dark matter flows with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-02-20 L. D. Duffy , P. Sikivie

We use a new version of our numerical model for particle propagation in the Galaxy to study radioactive secondaries. For evaluation of the production cross sections we use the Los Alamos compilation of all available experimental cross…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 I. V. Moskalenko , S. G. Mashnik , A. W. Strong

The latest AMS-02 data on cosmic ray electrons show a break in the energy spectrum around 40 GeV, with a change in the slope of about 0.1. We perform a combined fit to the newest AMS-02 positron and electron flux data above 10 GeV using a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-10-29 Mattia Di Mauro , Fiorenza Donato , Silvia Manconi

The diffusion coefficients around the pulsar $\gamma$-ray halos are highly suppressed compared with the value in the interstellar medium. It is suggested in the literature that the $\gamma$-ray halos can be explained by a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-17 Xiao-Jun Bi

Anomalous transport processes in which the variance of the distance travelled does not necessarily increase linearly with time are modelled using the formalism of continuous time random walks. We compute particle propagators which have the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-23 B. R. Ragot , J. G. Kirk

The antiparticle energy spectra of Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) have several exciting features such as the unexpected positron excess at $E\sim$10-200\,GeV and the remarkably hard antiproton flux at $E\sim$\,60--450\,GeV recently measured by…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-31 Jie Feng , Nicola Tomassetti , Alberto Oliva