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Aims: The production of saturated organic molecules in hot cores and corinos is not well understood. The standard approach is to assume that, as temperatures heat up during star formation, methanol and other species evaporate from grain…
The effects of mechanical generation of turbulent kinetic energy and buoyancy forces on the statistics of air temperature and velocity increments are experimentally investigated at the cross over from production to inertial range scales.…
We introduce a stochastic model describing aggregation of misfolded proteins and degradation by the protein quality control system in a single cell. In analogy with existing literature, aggregates can grow, nucleate and fragment…
Outer hair cells in the inner ear is important for the sensitivity, frequency selectivity, and dynamic range of the mammalian ear. Such a physiological role of outer hair cells is thought to be based an amplifying effect of those cells,…
Fluid, heat and species transport and oxygen reduction in the cathode of a PEM fuel cell are simulated using multi relaxation lattice Boltzmann method. Heat generation due to oxygen reduction and its effects on transport and reaction are…
In this study, we investigate the influence of resin composition on the thermal and structural properties of crosslinked epoxy networks using molecular-dynamics simulations. The systems studied are based on mixtures of diglycidyl ether of…
Inside individual cells, expression of genes is stochastic across organisms ranging from bacterial to human cells. A ubiquitous feature of stochastic expression is burst-like synthesis of gene products, which drives considerable…
Molecular dynamics simulations are increasingly being used to investigate the structural evolution of polymers during mechanical deformation, but relatively few studies focus on the influence of boundary conditions on this evolution, in…
We calculate the evolution of cloud cores embedded in different envelopes to investigate environmental effects on the mass accretion rate onto protostars. As the initial state, we neglect the magnetic field and cloud rotation, and adopt…
Biological molecular machines are bifunctional enzymes that catalyze two processes: one donating free energy and the other accepting it. Recent studies show that most protein enzymes have rich stochastic dynamics of transitions between the…
Understanding the patterns and causes of phenotypic divergence is a central goal in evolutionary biology. Much work has shown that mRNA abundance is highly variable between closely related species. However, the extent and mechanisms of…
Evolution of grain mantles in various interstellar environment is studied. We concentrate mainly on water, methanol, carbon di-oxide, which constitute nearly 90% of the grain mantle. We investigate how the production rates of these…
Two main formation routes have been proposed for interstellar complex organic molecules (iCOMs): on dust grain surfaces and in the gas phase. Observing such molecules in protostellar outflow shock regions - provided that their ages are…
During mRNA translation, several ribosomes attach to the same mRNA molecule simultaneously translating it into a protein. This pipelining increases the protein production rate. A natural and important question is what ribosomal density…
Exploiting the information provided by the molecular noise of a biological process has proven to be valuable in extracting knowledge about the underlying kinetic parameters and sources of variability from single cell measurements. However,…
Hysteresis and bet-hedging (random choice of phenotypes) are two different observations typically linked with multiplicity of phenotypes in biological systems. Hysteresis can be viewed as form of the system's persistent memory of past…
Understanding the role of elastic strain in modifying catalytic reaction rates is crucial for catalyst design, but experimentally, this effect is often coupled with a ligand effect. To isolate the strain effect, we have investigated the…
Bone is a stiff and though, hierarchical and continuously evolving material that optimizes its structure to respond to mechanical stimuli, which also govern growth and remodeling processes. However, a full understanding of the underlying…
Determination of the volume content of ethanol in the alcohol products in practice is usually determined by pycnometry, electronic densimetry, or densimetry using a hydrostatic balance in accordance with Commission Regulation No 2870/2000.…
Most low-mass protostars form in clusters, in particular high-mass clusters; however, how low-mass stars form in high-mass clusters and what the mass distribution is, are still open questions both in our own Galaxy and elsewhere. To access…