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The universal prevalence of cooperation is puzzling, as defection typically yields higher payoffs than cooperation, motivating searches for hidden pathways to cooperation. Here we study a game-theoretic model on a lattice structured…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-03-12 Hyun Gyu Lee , Hyeong-Chai Jeong , Deok-Sun Lee

We study repeated games where players use an exponential learning scheme in order to adapt to an ever-changing environment. If the game's payoffs are subject to random perturbations, this scheme leads to a new stochastic version of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-10-22 Panayotis Mertikopoulos , Aris L. Moustakas

We study a coevolutionary public goods game on a dynamic hypergraph, where an individual's payoff directly determines the number of hyperedges it can join. In the proposed mechanism, nodes adjust their participation according to the group…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-05-27 Yichao Yao , Yuji Zhang , Juan Wu , Minyu Feng , Attila Szolnoki

Direct reciprocity based on the repeated prisoner's dilemma has been intensively studied. Most theoretical investigations have concentrated on memory-$1$ strategies, a class of elementary strategies just reacting to the previous-round…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-03-07 Feipeng Zhang , Te Wu , Long Wang

We explore the behaviour emerging from learning agents repeatedly interacting strategically for a wide range of learning dynamics, including $Q$-learning, projected gradient, replicator and log-barrier dynamics. Going beyond the better…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Galit Askenazi-Golan , Domenico Mergoni Cecchelli , Edward Plumb , Clemens Possnig

Starting with a group of reinforcement-learning agents we derive coupled replicator equations that describe the dynamics of collective learning in multiagent systems. We show that, although agents model their environment in a…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2009-11-07 Yuzuru Sato , James P. Crutchfield

Motivated by alternating learning dynamics in two-player games, a recent work by Cevher et al.(2024) shows that $o(\sqrt{T})$ alternating regret is possible for any $T$-round adversarial Online Linear Optimization (OLO) problem, and left as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Soumita Hait , Ping Li , Haipeng Luo , Mengxiao Zhang

A canonical social dilemma arises when finite resources are allocated to a group of people, who can choose to either reciprocate with interest, or keep the proceeds for themselves. What resource allocation mechanisms will encourage levels…

Evolutionary game theory has been widely used to study the evolution of cooperation in social dilemmas where imitation-led strategy updates are typically assumed. However, results of recent behavioral experiments are not compatible with the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-12-19 Ik Soo Lim , Peter Wittek

We present a memory-based snowdrift game (MBSG) taking place on networks. We found that, when a lattice is taken to be the underlying structure, the transition of spatial patterns at some critical values of the payoff parameter is…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-05-23 Wen-Xu Wang , Jie Ren , Guanrong Chen , Bing-Hong Wang

In this paper we establish efficient and \emph{uncoupled} learning dynamics so that, when employed by all players in a general-sum multiplayer game, the \emph{swap regret} of each player after $T$ repetitions of the game is bounded by…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Ioannis Anagnostides , Gabriele Farina , Christian Kroer , Chung-Wei Lee , Haipeng Luo , Tuomas Sandholm

The effects of networking on the extent of cooperation emerging in a competitive setting are studied. The evolutionary snowdrift game, which represents a realistic alternative to the well-known Prisoner's Dilemma, is studied in the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-11 Li-Xin Zhong , Da-Fang Zheng , B. Zheng , Chen Xu , P. M. Hui

Strategic coopetition in multi-stakeholder systems requires understanding how cooperation persists through time without binding contracts. This technical report extends computational foundations for strategic coopetition to sequential…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Vik Pant , Eric Yu

Microscopic strategy update rules play an important role in the evolutionary dynamics of cooperation among interacting agents on complex networks. Many previous related works only consider one \emph{fixed} rule, while in the real world,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-27 Shengxian Wang , Weijia Yao , Ming Cao , Xiaojie Chen

Cooperation is fundamental in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) and Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), often requiring agents to balance individual gains with collective rewards. In this regard, this paper aims to investigate strategies to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Vaigarai Sathi , Sabahat Shaik , Jaswanth Nidamanuri

The game interactions among individuals in nature are often uncertain and dynamically evolving, significantly influencing the persistence of cooperation. However, it remains a formidable challenge to effectively characterize these dynamic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Bin Pi , Minyu Feng , Liang-Jian Deng , Xiaojie Chen , Attila Szolnoki

A recent line of work has established uncoupled learning dynamics such that, when employed by all players in a game, each player's \emph{regret} after $T$ repetitions grows polylogarithmically in $T$, an exponential improvement over the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Gabriele Farina , Ioannis Anagnostides , Haipeng Luo , Chung-Wei Lee , Christian Kroer , Tuomas Sandholm

This paper investigates discrete-time evolutionary games with a general stochastic imitation rule on the toroidal grid, which is a grid network with periodic boundary conditions. The imitation rule has been considered as a fundamental rule…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-06-30 Ge Chen , Yongyuan Yu

Direct reciprocity is a wide-spread mechanism for evolution of cooperation. In repeated interactions, players can condition their behavior on previous outcomes. A well known approach is given by reactive strategies, which respond to the…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Nikoleta E. Glynatsi , Martin A. Nowak , Christian Hilbe

The complete cooperation and the complete defection are two typical strategies considered in evolutionary games in many previous works. However, in real life, strategies of individuals are full of variety rather than only two complete ones.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-01-03 Linya Huang , Wenchen Han
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