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An indispensable part of our lives, computing has also become essential to industries and governments. Steady improvements in computer hardware have been supported by periodic doubling of transistor densities in integrated circuits over the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2015-01-09 Igor L. Markov

Globalization in the semiconductor industry enables fabless design houses to reduce their costs, save time, and make use of newer technologies. However, the offshoring of Integrated Circuit (IC) fabrication has negative sides, including…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Mohammad Eslami , Tara Ghasempouri , Samuel Pagliarini

A finite impulse response (FIR) filter is a ubiquitous block in digital signal processing applications. Its characteristics are determined by its coefficients, which are the intellectual property (IP) for its designer. However, in a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Levent Aksoy , Alexander Hepp , Johanna Baehr , Samuel Pagliarini

Circuit compilation, a crucial process for adapting quantum algorithms to hardware constraints, often operates as a ``black box,'' with limited visibility into the optimization techniques used by proprietary systems or advanced open-source…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-29 Satwik Kundu , Swaroop Ghosh

The threat of inserting hardware Trojans during the design, production, or in-field poses a danger for integrated circuits in real-world applications. A particular critical case of hardware Trojans is the malicious manipulation of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Maik Ender , Pawel Swierczynski , Sebastian Wallat , Matthias Wilhelm , Paul Martin Knopp , Christof Paar

With ever advancing in digital system, security has been emerged as a major concern. Many researchers all around the world come up with solutions to address various challenges that are crucial for industry and market. The aim of this survey…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-03 Payman Behnam

Significant research efforts have been dedicated to designing cryptographic algorithms that are quantum-resistant. The motivation is clear: robust quantum computers, once available, will render current cryptographic standards vulnerable.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Samuel Pagliarini , Aikata Aikata , Malik Imran , Sujoy Sinha Roy

In today's age of digital technology, ethical concerns regarding computing systems are increasing. While the focus of such concerns currently is on requirements for software, this article spotlights the hardware domain, specifically…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Timo Speith , Julian Speith , Steffen Becker , Yixin Zou , Asia Biega , Christof Paar

Embedded software is developed under the assumption that hardware execution is always correct. Fault attacks break and exploit that assumption. Through the careful introduction of targeted faults, an adversary modifies the control-flow or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Bilgiday Yuce , Patrick Schaumont , Marc Witteman

The globalization of the Integrated Circuit (IC) supply chain, driven by time-to-market and cost considerations, has made ICs vulnerable to hardware Trojans (HTs). Against this threat, a promising approach is to use Machine Learning…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Behnam Omidi , Khaled N. Khasawneh , Ihsen Alouani

With current tools and technology, someone who has physical access to a chip can extract the detailed layout of the integrated circuit (IC). By using advanced visual imaging techniques, reverse engineering can reveal details that are meant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-05-04 Maria I. Mera Collantes , Mohamed El Massad , Siddharth Garg

The increasing importance of supply chain security for digital devices -- from consumer electronics to critical infrastructure -- has created a high demand for skilled cybersecurity experts. These experts use Hardware Reverse Engineering…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-19 René Walendy , Markus Weber , Steffen Becker , Christof Paar , Nikol Rummel

To counter man-at-the-end attacks such as reverse engineering and tampering, software is often protected with techniques that require support modules to be linked into the application. It is well-known, however, that attackers can exploit…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-04 Jens Van den Broeck , Bart Coppens , Bjorn De Sutter

The increasing cost of integrated circuit (IC) fabrication has driven most companies to "go fabless" over time. The corresponding outsourcing trend gave rise to various attack vectors, e.g., illegal overproduction of ICs, piracy of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Johann Knechtel , Satwik Patnaik , Ozgur Sinanoglu

A potential vulnerability for integrated circuits (ICs) is the insertion of hardware trojans (HTs) during manufacturing. Understanding the practicability of such an attack can lead to appropriate measures for mitigating it. In this paper,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-22 Alexander Hepp , Tiago Perez , Samuel Pagliarini , Georg Sigl

With the exponential rise in the use of cloud services, smart devices, and IoT devices, advanced cyber attacks have become increasingly sophisticated and ubiquitous. Furthermore, the rapid evolution of computing architectures and memory…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Jyotiprakash Mishra , Sanjay K. Sahay

Reverse engineering (RE) of finite state machines (FSMs) is a serious threat when protecting designs against RE attacks. While most recent protection techniques rely on the security of a secret key, this work presents a new approach:…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Michaela Brunner , Hye Hyun Lee , Alexander Hepp , Johanna Baehr , Georg Sigl

This paper delves into the dynamic landscape of computer security, where malware poses a paramount threat. Our focus is a riveting exploration of the recent and promising hardware-based malware detection approaches. Leveraging hardware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Cristiano Pegoraro Chenet , Alessandro Savino , Stefano Di Carlo

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a distributed system of physical objects that requires the seamless integration of hardware (e.g., sensors, actuators, electronics) and network communications in order to collect and exchange data. IoT smart…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-07 Tiago M. Fernández-Caramés , Paula Fraga-Lamas , Manuel Suárez-Albela , Luis Castedo

In neuroscience, researchers have developed informal notions of what it means to reverse engineer a system, e.g., being able to model or simulate a system in some sense. A recent influential paper of Jonas and Kording, that examines a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Keerthana Gurushankar , Pulkit Grover