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Limbless creatures can crawl on flat surfaces by deforming their bodies and interacting with asperities on the ground, offering a biological blueprint for designing efficient limbless robots. Inspired by this natural locomotion, we present…

Undesired lateral and longitudinal wheel slippage can disrupt a mobile robot's heading angle, traction, and, eventually, desired motion. This issue makes the robotization and accurate modeling of heavy-duty machinery very challenging…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Mehdi Heydari Shahna , Pauli Mustalahti , Jouni Mattila

Miniature locomotion robots with the ability to navigate confined environments show great promise for a wide range of tasks, including search and rescue operations. Soft miniature locomotion robots, as a burgeoning field, have attracted…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Quan Xiong , Xuanyi Zhou , Jonathan William Ambrose , Raye Chen-Hua Yeow

Inspired by the vertebrate branch of the animal kingdom, articulated soft robots are robotic systems embedding elastic elements into a classic rigid (skeleton-like) structure. Leveraging on their bodies elasticity, soft robots promise to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Cosimo Della Santina , Dominic Lakatos , Antonio Bicchi , Alin Albu-Schäffer

Worm-inspired robots provide an effective locomotion strategy for constrained environments by combining cyclic body deformation with alternating anchoring. For compliant robots, however, the interaction between deformable anchoring…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Xinyu Zhou , Yu Mei , Faith Thomson , Christian Luedtke , Xinda Qi , Xiaobo Tan

In both animals and robots, locomotion capabilities are determined by the physical structure of the system. The majority of legged animals and robots are bilaterally symmetric, which facilitates locomotion with consistent headings and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Adam Joshua Hung , Challen Enninful Adu , Talia Y. Moore

Follow-the-leader (FTL) motion is essential for continuum robots operating in fragile and confined environments. It allows the robot to exert minimal force on its surroundings, reducing the risk of damage. This paper presents a novel design…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Chen Qian , Tangyou Liu , Liao Wu

Snapping instabilities in soft structures offer a powerful pathway to achieve rapid and energy-efficient actuation. In this study, an eccentric dome-shaped snapping actuator is developed to generate controllable asymmetric motion through…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Xin Li , Ye Jin , Mohsen Jafarpour , Hugo de Souza Oliveira , Edoardo Milana

Natural organisms utilize distributed actuation through their musculoskeletal systems to adapt their gait for traversing diverse terrains or to morph their bodies for varied tasks. A longstanding challenge in robotics is to emulate this…

This paper presents the development of an adaptive intelligent spider robot. With the incorporation of sensors, the four-legged spider robot is able to monitor the environment wirelessly. A new auto-station adaptation National Instrument…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-06-12 Rozita Teymourzadeh , Rahim Nakhli Mahal , Ng Keng Shen , Kok Wai Chan

This paper presents a couple of interesting ideas: a telescopic actuator design and a bio-inspired sea urchin robot. The "spines" of the sea urchin robot consist of fourteen telescopic actuators equally distributed over it's spherical body.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Luis A. Mateos

A spherical robot has many practical advantages as the entire electronics are protected within a hull and can be carried easily by any Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). However, its use is limited due to finding mounts for sensors. Pendulum…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Animesh Singhal , Sahil Modi , Abhishek Gupta , Leena Vachhani , Omkar A. Ghag

Modern climbing robots have risen to great heights, but mechanisms meant to scale cliffs often locomote slowly and over-cautiously on level ground. Here we introduce T-RHex, an iteration on the classic cockroach-inspired hexapod that has…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Matt Martone , Catherine Pavlov , Adam Zeloof , Vivaan Bahl , Aaron M. Johnson

Multi-organ segmentation is a critical yet challenging task due to complex anatomical backgrounds, blurred boundaries, and diverse morphologies. This study introduces the Gradient-aware Adaptive Momentum Evolution Deep Snake (GAMED-Snake)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ruicheng Zhang , Haowei Guo , Zeyu Zhang , Puxin Yan , Shen Zhao

Robotic arms built from stiffness-adjustable, continuously bending segments serially connected with revolute joints have the ability to change their mechanical architecture and workspace, thus allowing high flexibility and adaptation to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Angus B. Clark , Nicolas Rojas

Symmetry is a central organizing principle in natural systems, yet its use as a unifying design strategy in robotics has largely remained limited to geometric form. We show that symmetry can instead be leveraged at the level of dynamic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiaxun Liu , Boxi Xia , Boyuan Chen

Legged locomotion shows promise for running in complex, unstructured environments. Designing such legged robots requires considering heterogeneous, multi-domain constraints and variables, from mechanical hardware and geometry choices to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Reed Truax , Feng Liu , Souma Chowdhury , Ryan St. Pierre

Anthropomimetic robots are robots that sense, behave, interact and feel like humans. By this definition, anthropomimetic robots require human-like physical hardware and actuation, but also brain-like control and sensing. The most…

This paper introduces Bruce, the CSIRO Dynamic Hexapod Robot capable of autonomous, dynamic locomotion over difficult terrain. This robot is built around Apptronik linear series elastic actuators, and went from design to deployment in under…

Limbless locomotors, from microscopic worms to macroscopic snakes, traverse complex, heterogeneous natural environments typically using undulatory body wave propagation. Theoretical and robophysical models typically emphasize body…