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A graph is circle if its vertices are in correspondence with a family of chords in a circle in such a way that every two distinct vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding chords have nonempty intersection. Even though there…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Flavia Bonomo-Braberman , Guillermo A. Durán , Nina Pardal , Martín D. Safe

A hole in a graph G is an induced cycle of length at least four; an antihole is a hole in the complement of G. In 2005, Chudnovsky, Cornuejols, Liu, Seymour and Vuskovic showed that it is possible to test in polynomial time whether a graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-04 Maria Chudnovsky , Alex Scott , Paul Seymour , Sophie Spirkl

The complexity of testing whether a graph contains an induced odd cycle of length at least five is currently unknown. In this paper we show that this can be done in polynomial time if the input graph has no induced subgraph isomorphic to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-17 Maria Chudnovsky , Vaidy Sivaraman

For a planar graph with a given f-vector $(f_{0}, f_{1}, f_{2}),$ we introduce a cubic polynomial whose coefficients depend on the f-vector. The planar graph is said to be real if all the roots of the corresponding polynomial are real. Thus…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-29 M. R. Emamy-K. , Bahman Kalantari , Tatiana Correa

In this paper we provide some sufficient conditions for the existence of an odd or even cycle that passing a given vertex or an edge in $2$-connected or $2$-edge connected graphs. We provide some similar conditions for the existence of an…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-12-09 Saieed Akbari , Khashayar Etemadi , Peyman Ezzati , Mehrdad Ghadiri

This is the second in a series of two papers dealing with $(2P_3,C_4,C_6)$-free graphs, or equivalently, $(2P_3,\text{even hole})$-free graphs. In this two-paper series, we give a full structural description of $(2P_3,C_4,C_6)$-free graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-17 Irena Penev

Let $G$ be a graph on $n$ vertices. A vertex of $G$ with degree at least $n/2$ is called a heavy vertex, and a cycle of $G$ which contains all the heavy vertices of $G$ is called a heavy cycle. In this paper, we characterize the graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-09-23 Binlong Li , Shenggui Zhang

Let $\mathcal{H}$ be a set of given connected graphs. A graph $G$ is said to be $\mathcal{H}$-free if $G$ contains no $H$ as an induced subgraph for any $H\in \mathcal{H}$. The graph $G$ is super-edge-connected if each minimum edge-cut…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-06 Hazhe Ye , Yingzhi Tian

The class of all even-hole-free graphs has unbounded tree-width, as it contains all complete graphs. Recently, a class of (even-hole, $K_4$)-free graphs was constructed, that still has unbounded tree-width [Sintiari and Trotignon, 2019].…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Pierre Aboulker , Isolde Adler , Eun Jung Kim , Ni Luh Dewi Sintiari , Nicolas Trotignon

We consider the class ${\cal A}$ of graphs that contain no odd hole, no antihole of length at least 5, and no "prism" (a graph consisting of two disjoint triangles with three disjoint paths between them) and the class ${\cal A}'$ of graphs…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2013-09-03 Frédéric Maffray , Nicolas Trotignon

We present a construction called layered wheel. Layered wheels are graphs of arbitrarily large treewidth and girth. They might be an outcome for a possible theorem characterizing graphs with large treewidth in terms of their induced…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Ni Luh Dewi Sintiari , Nicolas Trotignon

An odd hole in a graph is a induced cycle with odd length greater than 3. In an earlier paper (with Sophie Spirkl), solving a longstanding open problem, we gave a polynomial-time algorithm to test if a graph has an odd hole. We subsequently…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-27 Maria Chudnovsky , Alex Scott , Paul Seymour

Even-hole-free graphs are a graph class of much interest. Foley et al. [Graphs Comb. 36(1): 125-138 (2020)] have recently studied $(4K_1, C_4, C_6)$-free graphs, which form a subclass of even-hole-free graphs. Specifically, Foley et al.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-18 Martin Koutecký

Chordal graphs are the graphs in which every cycle of length at least four has a chord. A set $S$ is a vertex separator for vertices $a$ and $b$ if the removal of $S$ of the graph separates $a$ and $b$ into distinct connected components. A…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-03-22 Sérgio H. Nogueira , Vinicius F. dos Santos

An even (respectively, odd) hole in a graph is an induced cycle with even (respectively, odd) length that is at least four. Bienstock [DM 1991 and 1992] proved that detecting an even (respectively, odd) hole containing a given vertex is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Hou-Teng Cheong , Hsueh-I Lu

A bipartite graph is called bipancyclic if it contains cycles of every even length from four up to the number of vertices in the graph. A theorem of Schmeichel and Mitchem states that for $n \geq 4$, every balanced bipartite graph on $2n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-26 Peter Bradshaw

We revisit a classical paper about (even hole, triangle)-free graphs [Conforti, Cornu\'ejols, Kapoor and Vu\v skovi\'c, Triangle-free graphs that are signable without even holes, Journal of Graph Theory, 34(3), 204--220, 2000]. In fact, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Beatriz Martins , Nicolas Trotignon

A biased graph is a graph $G$, together with a distinguished subset $\mathcal{B}$ of its cycles so that no Theta-subgraph of $G$ contains precisely two cycles in $\mathcal{B}$. A large number of biased graphs can be constructed by choosing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-14 Peter Nelson , Jorn van der Pol

A graph $G$ is said to be $2$-divisible if for all (nonempty) induced subgraphs $H$ of $G$, $V(H)$ can be partitioned into two sets $A,B$ such that $\omega(A) < \omega(H)$ and $\omega(B) < \omega(H)$. A graph $G$ is said to be perfectly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-25 Maria Chudnovsky , Vaidy Sivaraman

A {\em hole} is an induced cycle of length at least 4, an {\em even hole} is a hole of even length, and a {\em cap} is a graph obtained from a hole by adding an additional vertex which is adjacent exactly to two adjacent vertices of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-25 Ran Chen , Baogang Xu , Yian Xu