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There is increasing evidence that massive stars may exhibit an enhanced mass loss shortly before their termination explosion. Some of them also indicate the enhancement of their circumstellar matter (CSM) is not spherically symmetric.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-07-31 Xudong Wen , He Gao , Yi Yang , Liangduan Liu , Shunke Ai , Zongkai Peng

Using ultraviolet (UV) light curves we constrain the circumstellar environments of 1080 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) within $z<0.5$ from archival Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) observations. All SNe Ia are required to have pre- and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-02-23 Liam O. Dubay , Michael A. Tucker , Aaron Do , Benjamin J. Shappee , Gagandeep S. Anand

SN 2009dc shares similarities with normal Type Ia supernovae, but is clearly overluminous, with a (pseudo-bolometric) peak luminosity of log(L) = 43.47 [erg/s]. Its light curves decline slowly over half a year after maximum light, and the…

We present the updated open-source code Complete History of Interaction-Powered Supernovae (CHIPS) that can be applied to modeling supernovae (SNe) arising from an interaction with massive circumstellar medium (CSM) as well as the formation…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-11-21 Yuki Takei , Daichi Tsuna , Takatoshi Ko , Toshikazu Shigeyama

When discovered, SN~2017egm was the closest (redshift $z=0.03$) hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) and a rare case that exploded in a massive and metal-rich galaxy. Thus, it has since been extensively observed and studied. We…

SN 2010jl is a Type IIn core collapse supernova whose radiative output is powered by the interaction of the SN shock wave with its surrounding dense circumstellar medium (CSM). After day ~60, its light curve developed a NIR excess emission…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-01 Eli Dwek , Arkaprabha Sarangi , Richard G. Arendt , Timothy Kallman , Demos Kazanas , Ori D. Fox

Type Icn supernovae (SNe Icn) are a newly detected rare subtype of interacting stripped-envelope supernovae which show narrow P-Cygni lines of highly ionized carbon, oxygen, and neon in their early spectra due to the interactions of the SNe…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-05-14 Chengyuan Wu , Shuai Zha , Yongzhi Cai , Zhengyang Zhang , Yi Yang , Danfeng Xiang , Weili Lin , Xiaofeng Wang , Bo Wang

We present optical photometric and spectroscopic observations of the 02es-like type Ia supernova (SN) 2022ywc. The transient occurred in the outskirts of an elliptical host galaxy and showed a striking double-peaked light curve with an…

Many core collapse supernovae (SNe) with hydrogen-poor and low-mass ejecta, such as ultra-stripped SNe and type Ibn SNe, are observed to interact with dense circumstellar material (CSM). These events likely arise from the core-collapse of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-30 Samantha Wu , Jim Fuller

In this paper, we investigate two hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) iPTF15esb and iPTF13dcc whose light curves (LCs) show significant deviation from the smooth rise and fall. The LC of iPTF15esb exhibits two peaks and a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-04-11 Liang-Duan Liu , Ling-Jun Wang , Shan-Qin Wang , Zi-Gao Dai

Recent observations have revealed a surprisingly large fraction of hydrogen-rich supernovae (SNe) interacting with dense confined circumstellar material (CSM), whose origin is heavily debated. Exploiting our recent implementation of a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-17 Jing-Ze Ma , Stephen Justham , Ruediger Pakmor , Andrea Chiavassa , Taeho Ryu , Selma de Mink

SN 2008es is one of the rare cases of a Type II superluminous supernova (SLSN) showing no relatively narrow features in its early-time spectra, and therefore its powering mechanism is under debate between circumstellar interaction (CSI) and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-07-31 Kornpob Bhirombhakdi , Ryan Chornock , Adam A. Miller , Alexei V. Filippenko , S. Bradley Cenko , Nathan Smith

We carry out 3D-hydrodynamical calculations for the interaction of expanding supernova ejecta with the dense circumstellar matter (CSM) and the rarefied interstellar medium (ISM) outside. The CSM is composed of the stellar wind matter from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 Takafumi Shimizu , Kuniaki Masai , Katsuji Koyama

I suggest the double-degenerate (DD) scenario with a merger-to-explosion delay (MED) time (the DD-MED scenario) of about 1-2 years to explain the rare properties of the recently analyzed type Ia supernova (SN Ia) SN 2020aeuh. The rare…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-15 Noam Soker

Early-time light curves/spectra of some hydrogen-rich supernovae (SNe) give firm evidence on the existence of confined, dense circumstellar matter (CSM) surrounding dying massive stars. We numerically and analytically study radiative…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-25 Daichi Tsuna , Kohta Murase , Takashi J. Moriya

The diversity of Type IIn supernovae is largely driven by the properties of the circumstellar material (CSM) they explode into. We examine the temporal evolution of SN 2019vxm, an interacting supernova that belongs to the class of…

The origin of dust in the early Universe has been the subject of considerable debate. Core-collapse supernovae (ccSNe), which occur several million years after their massive progenitors form, could be a major source of that dust, as in the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-09-05 J. Rho , T. R. Geballe , D. P. K. Banerjee , L. Dessart , A. Evans , V. Joshi

PS1-12sk is a type Ibn supernova (SN) found in a host environment showing no obvious ongoing star formation, which challenges the massive star explosion scenario. We use the ejecta-circumstellar medium (CSM) interaction (CSI) and the CSI…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-14 Kai-Li Mi , Shan-Qin Wang , Wen-Pei Gan , Qiu-Ping Huang , Tao Wang , En-Wei Liang

Supernovae Type Iax (SNe Iax) are less energetic and less luminous than typical thermonuclear explosions. A suggested explanation for the observed characteristics of this subclass is a binary progenitor system consisting of a CO white dwarf…