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Decentralized online social networks have evolved from experimental stages to operating at unprecedented scale, with broader adoption and more active use than ever before. Platforms like Mastodon, Bluesky, Hive, and Nostr have seen notable…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Ujun Jeong , Lynnette Hui Xian Ng , Kathleen M. Carley , Huan Liu

As centralized social media platforms face growing concerns, more users are seeking greater control over their social feeds and turning to decentralized alternatives such as Mastodon. The decentralized nature of Mastodon creates unique…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Yuhan Liu , Emmy Song , Owen Xingjian Zhang , Jewel Merriman , Lei Zhang , Andrés Monroy-Hernández

Open-source, Decentralized Online Social Networks (DOSNs) are emerging as alternatives to the popular yet centralized and profit-driven platforms like Facebook or Twitter. In DOSNs, users can set up their own server, or instance, while they…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Lucio La Cava , Sergio Greco , Andrea Tagarelli

Social media have been fundamental in the daily lives of millions of people, but they have raised concerns about content moderation policies, the management of personal data, and their commercial exploitation. The acquisition of Twitter…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Simón Peña-Fernández , Ainara Larrondo-Ureta , Jordi Morales-i-Gras

Centralized social media platforms are currently experiencing a shift in user engagement, drawing attention to alternative paradigms like Decentralized Online Social Networks (DOSNs). The rising popularity of DOSNs finds its root in the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Lucio La Cava , Domenico Mandaglio , Andrea Tagarelli

The "Decentralised Web" (DW) is an evolving concept, which encompasses technologies aimed at providing greater transparency and openness on the web. The DW relies on independent servers (aka instances) that mesh together in a peer-to-peer…

Decentralized Online Social Networks (DOSNs) represent a growing trend in the social media landscape, as opposed to the well-known centralized peers, which are often in the spotlight due to privacy concerns and a vision typically focused on…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Lucio La Cava , Andrea Tagarelli

The "Fediverse", a federation of decentralized social media servers, has emerged after a decade in which centralized platforms like X (formerly Twitter) have dominated the landscape. The structure of a federation should affect user…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Shiori Hironaka , Mitsuo Yoshida , Kazuyuki Shudo

Decentralising the Web is a desirable but challenging goal. One particular challenge is achieving decentralised content moderation in the face of various adversaries (e.g. trolls). To overcome this challenge, many Decentralised Web (DW)…

Over the past decade, we have witnessed the Internet becoming increasingly centralized in the hands of a small number of giant technology firms, that control many of the most popular applications and the content they host on their…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-08-02 Raman Singh , Andrew Donegan , Hitesh Tewari

Decentralized social networks like Mastodon and BlueSky are trending topics that have drawn much attention and discussion in recent years. By devolving powers from the central node to the end users, decentralized social networks aim to cure…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Tao Huang

Middleware, third-party software intermediaries between users and platforms, has been broached as a means to decentralize the power of social media platforms and enhance user agency. Middleware may enable a more user-centric and democratic…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Luke Hogg , Renée DiResta , Francis Fukuyama , Richard Reisman , Daphne Keller , Aviv Ovadya , Luke Thorburn , Jonathan Stray , Shubhi Mathur

Traditional social media platforms, once envisioned as digital town squares, now face growing criticism over corporate control, content moderation, and privacy concerns. Events such as Twitter's acquisition (now X) and major policy changes…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Ujun Jeong , Alimohammad Beigi , Anique Tahir , Susan Xu Tang , H. Russell Bernard , Huan Liu

Digital public health monitoring has long relied on data from major social media platforms. Twitter was once an indispensable resource for tracking disease outbreaks and public sentiment in real time. Researchers used Twitter to monitor…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-05 Marcel Salathé , Sharada P. Mohanty

As an alternative to Twitter and other centralized social networks, the Fediverse is growing in popularity. The recent, and polemical, takeover of Twitter by Elon Musk has exacerbated this trend. The Fediverse includes a growing number of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Ishaku Hassan Anaobi , Aravindh Raman , Ignacio Castro , Haris Bin Zia , Dami Ibosiola , Gareth Tyson

The acquisition of Twitter by Elon Musk has spurred controversy and uncertainty among Twitter users. The move raised as many praises as concerns, particularly regarding Musk's views on free speech. As a result, a large number of Twitter…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Haris Bin Zia , Jiahui He , Aravindh Raman , Ignacio Castro , Nishanth Sastry , Gareth Tyson

A recent surge of users migrating from Twitter to alternative platforms, such as Mastodon, raised questions regarding what migration patterns are, how different platforms impact user behaviors, and how migrated users settle in the migration…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Ujun Jeong , Paras Sheth , Anique Tahir , Faisal Alatawi , H. Russell Bernard , Huan Liu

Decentralized architecture offers a robust and flexible structure for online platforms, since centralized moderation and computation can be easy to disrupt with targeted attacks. However, a platform offering a decentralized architecture…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Milo Z. Trujillo , Laurent Hébert-Dufresne , James Bagrow

This paper examines the potential of the Fediverse, a federated network of social media and content platforms, to counter the centralization and dominance of commercial platforms on the social Web. We gather evidence from the technology…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Henrique S. Xavier

Online social networks, such as Facebook and twitter, are a growing phenomenon in today's world, with various platforms providing capabilities for individuals to collaborate through messaging and chatting as well as sharing of content such…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Newton Masinde , Kalman Graffi
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