Related papers: The Unified Standard Model
We describe general classes of 6D and 4D F-theory models with gauge group $(\operatorname{SU}(3) \times \operatorname{SU}(2) \times \operatorname{U}(1)) / \mathbb{Z}_6$. We prove that this set of constructions gives all possible consistent…
We discuss generalizations of the notion of i) the group of unitary elements of a (real or complex) finite dimensional C*-algebra, ii) gauge transformations and iii) (real) automorphisms, in the framework of compact quantum group theory and…
Among $T^7/\Gamma$ orbifold compactifications of $M$-theory, we examine models containing the particle physics Standard Model in four-dimensional spacetimes, which appear as fixed subspaces of the ten-dimensional spacetimes at each end of…
We formulate new gauge principles for n supersymmetric particles in a worldline formalism with N supersymmetries. The models provide realizations of the more general supersymmetries that are encountered in sectors of S-theory or Matrix…
We point out a somewhat mysterious appearance of $SU_c(3)$ representations, which exhibit the behaviour of three full generations of standard model particles. These representations are found in the Clifford algebra $\mathbb{C}l(6)$, arising…
The Standard Model of elementary particle physics is one of the most successful models of contemporary theoretical physics being in full agreement with experiments. However, its mathematical structure deserves further investigations both…
We consider a nonlinear generalization of Cauchy-Riemann eqs. to the algebra of biquaternions. From here we come to "universal generating equations" (1) which deal with 2-spinor and gauge fields and form the basis of some unified algebraic…
This is a historical account from my personal perspective of the development over the last few decades of the standard model of particle physics. The model is based on gauge theories, of which the first was quantum electrodynamics,…
The construction and general implications of a model with complete supersymmetric unification of the Standard Model matter content, interactions and families' replication into a single $E_{8}$ gauge superfield in ten dimensions is…
An alternative approach to the Standard Model is outlined, being motivated by the increasing theoretical and experimental difficulties encountered by this model, which furthermore fails to be unitary. In particular, the conceptual…
The Standard Model of Particle Physics has proven to be tremendously successful as the fundamental theory that describes the elementary particles that compose our Universe, as well as the interactions among them. Despite the countless…
Connes' non-commutative geometry (NCG) is a generalization of Riemannian geometry that is particularly apt for expressing the standard model of particle physics coupled to Einstein gravity. In a previous paper, we suggested a reformulation…
This work considers the remarkable suggestion that the three families of quarks and leptons may be unified, together with the Higgs and gauge fields of the Standard Model (SM), into a single "particle", namely the $\textbf{248}$ vector…
Inspired by the Standard Model of particle physics, we discuss a mechanism for constructing chiral, anomaly-free gauge theories. The gauge symmetries and particle content of such theories are identified using subgroups and complex…
Electrically as well as magnetically charged states are constructed in the 2+1-dimensional Euclidean Z_N-Higgs lattice gauge model, the former following ideas of Fredenhagen and Marcu and the latter using duality transformations on the…
In this paper we reconsider, for N=8 supergravity, the problem of gauging the most general electric subgroup. We show that admissible theories are fully characterized by a single algebraic equation to be satisfied by the embedding of the…
In this paper it will be shown that the Standard Model in 3+1 dimensions is a gauge fixed version of a 2T-physics field theory in 4+2 dimensions, thus establishing that 2T-physics provides a correct description of Nature from the point of…
We present a unification model based on the well-known but mysterious cubic-structure grouping of quarks and leptons that suggests an underlying symmetry connection deemed explainable by a unified theory. It results in an extension of the…
The modern description of elementary particles, as formulated in the Standard Model of particle physics, is built on gauge theories. Gauge theories implement fundamental laws of physics by local symmetry constraints. For example, in quantum…
It is known that the Standard Model describing all of the currently known elementary particles is based on the $U(1)\times SU(2)\times SU(3)$ symmetry. In order to implement this symmetry on the ground of a non-flat space-time manifold one…