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We introduce and study Laplacians on a finite metric graph endowed with generalized densities, that is, measures of finite mass. One important motivation is that this setting provides a common framework for several interesting classes of…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-24 Kiyan Naderi , Noema Nicolussi

Diffusion is a fundamental graph procedure and has been a basic building block in a wide range of theoretical and empirical applications such as graph partitioning and semi-supervised learning on graphs. In this paper, we study…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Li Chen , Richard Peng , Di Wang

A few years ago various disparities for Laplacians on graphs and manifolds were discovered. The corresponding results are mostly related to volume growth in the context of unbounded geometry. Indeed, these disparities can now be resolved by…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2015-03-25 Matthias Keller

Computational efficiency is a major bottleneck in using classic graph-based approaches for semi-supervised learning on datasets with a large number of unlabeled examples. Known techniques to improve efficiency typically involve an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Dravyansh Sharma , Maxwell Jones

We present a general framework of designing efficient dynamic approximate algorithms for optimization on undirected graphs. In particular, we develop a technique that, given any problem that admits a certain notion of vertex sparsifiers,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Li Chen , Gramoz Goranci , Monika Henzinger , Richard Peng , Thatchaphol Saranurak

This paper investigates the use of methods from partial differential equations and the Calculus of variations to study learning problems that are regularized using graph Laplacians. Graph Laplacians are a powerful, flexible method for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-30 Nicolas Garcia Trillos , Ryan Murray

In this paper we generalize and improve the multiscale organization of graphs by introducing a new measure that quantifies the "closeness" between two nodes. The calculation of the measure is linear in the number of edges in the graph and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-04-09 Dorit Ron , Ilya Safro , Achi Brandt

Problems from graph drawing, spectral clustering, network flow and graph partitioning can all be expressed in terms of graph Laplacian matrices. There are a variety of practical approaches to solving these problems in serial. However, as…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-07-12 Tristan Konolige , Jed Brown

The Graph Edit Distance (GED) problem, which aims to compute the minimum number of edit operations required to transform one graph into another, is a fundamental challenge in graph analysis with wide-ranging applications. However, due to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Wei Huang , Hanchen Wang , Dong Wen , Wenjie Zhang , Ying Zhang , Xuemin Lin

We introduce the diffusion and superposition distances as two metrics to compare signals supported in the nodes of a network. Both metrics consider the given vectors as initial temperature distributions and diffuse heat trough the edges of…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2014-12-01 Santiago Segarra , Weiyu Huang , Alejandro Ribeiro

Metric graphs are structures obtained by associating edges in a standard graph with segments of the real line and gluing these segments at the vertices of the graph. The resulting structure has a natural metric that allows for the study of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-03 Rajat Vadiraj Dwaraknath , Lexing Ying

From longitudinal biomedical studies to social networks, graphs have emerged as a powerful framework for describing evolving interactions between agents in complex systems. In such studies, after pre-processing, the data can be represented…

Applications · Statistics 2018-03-12 Claire Donnat , Susan Holmes

Graph disaggregation is a technique used to address the high cost of computation for power law graphs on parallel processors. The few high-degree vertices are broken into multiple small-degree vertices, in order to allow for more efficient…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-05-04 Xiaozhe Hu , John C. Urschel , Ludmil T. Zikatanov

For an arbitrary initial configuration of discrete loads over vertices of a distributed graph, we consider the problem of minimizing the {\em discrepancy} between the maximum and minimum loads among all vertices. For this problem, this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Takeharu Shiraga

Let $G$ be a connected graph. The average distance of a vertex $v$ of $G$ is the arithmetic mean of the distances from $v$ to all other vertices of $G$. The proximity and remoteness of $G$ are defined as the minimum and maximum,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-15 Peter Dankelmann , Sonwabile Mafunda , Sufiyan Mallu

By assigning a probability measure via the spectrum of the normalized Laplacian to each graph and using L^p Wasserstein distances between probability measures, we define the corresponding spectral distances d_p on the set of all graphs.…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-03 Jiao Gu , Bobo Hua , Shiping Liu

Causal discovery aims to recover graphs that represent causal relations among given variables from observations, and new methods are constantly being proposed. Increasingly, the community raises questions about how much progress is made,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Zhufeng Li , Niki Kilbertus

The Fr\'echet distance is a popular distance measure between trajectories or curves in space, or between walks in graphs. We study computing the Fr\'echet distance between walks in the $d$-dimensional grid graphs, i.e. $\mathbb{Z}^d$ where…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Jacobus Conradi , Ivor van der Hoog , Frederikke Uldahl , Eva Rotenberg

Subgraph matching is a core task in graph analytics, widely used in domains such as biology, finance, and social networks. Existing top-k diversified methods typically focus on maximizing vertex coverage, but often return results in the…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Liuyi Chen , Yuchen Hu , Zhengyi Yang , Xu Zhou , Wenjie Zhang , Kenli Li

Evaluating similarity between graphs is of major importance in several computer vision and pattern recognition problems, where graph representations are often used to model objects or interactions between elements. The choice of a distance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-06-15 Sofia Ira Ktena , Sarah Parisot , Enzo Ferrante , Martin Rajchl , Matthew Lee , Ben Glocker , Daniel Rueckert