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We consider nonparametric testing in a non-asymptotic framework. Our statistical guarantees are exact in the sense that Type I and II errors are controlled for any finite sample size. Meanwhile, one proposed test is shown to achieve minimax…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-02-07 Yun Yang , Zuofeng Shang , Guang Cheng

We propose a novel kernel-based nonparametric two-sample test, employing the combined use of kernel mean and kernel covariance embedding. Our test builds on recent results showing how such combined embeddings map distinct probability…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-16 Leonardo V. Santoro , Victor M. Panaretos

The reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) embedding of distributions offers a general and flexible framework for testing problems in arbitrary domains and has attracted considerable amount of attention in recent years. To gain insights…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-26 Krishnakumar Balasubramanian , Tong Li , Ming Yuan

Model misspecification can create significant challenges for the implementation of probabilistic models, and this has led to development of a range of robust methods which directly account for this issue. However, whether these more…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-22 Oscar Key , Arthur Gretton , François-Xavier Briol , Tamara Fernandez

A common challenge in nonparametric inference is its high computational complexity when data volume is large. In this paper, we develop computationally efficient nonparametric testing by employing a random projection strategy. In the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-20 Meimei Liu , Zuofeng Shang , Guang Cheng

We address the issue of lack-of-fit testing for a parametric quantile regression. We propose a simple test that involves one-dimensional kernel smoothing, so that the rate at which it detects local alternatives is independent of the number…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-13 Samuel Maistre , Pascal Lavergne , Valentin Patilea

We characterize the asymptotic performance of nonparametric goodness of fit testing. The exponential decay rate of the type-II error probability is used as the asymptotic performance metric, and a test is optimal if it achieves the maximum…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-19 Shengyu Zhu , Biao Chen , Pengfei Yang , Zhitang Chen

Nonparametric two sample testing deals with the question of consistently deciding if two distributions are different, given samples from both, without making any parametric assumptions about the form of the distributions. The current…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-11-25 Aaditya Ramdas , Sashank J. Reddi , Barnabas Poczos , Aarti Singh , Larry Wasserman

Kernel quadrature is widely used to approximate integrals of smooth functions, with worst-case error typically decaying at the minimax rate $n^{-\alpha/d}$ for smoothness $\alpha$ in dimension $d$. Existing rate-optimal methods often depend…

Computation · Statistics 2026-05-19 Edoardo Bandoni , Christian Robert , Julien Stoehr

This paper is concerned with testing normality in a Hilbert space based on the maximum mean discrepancy. Specifically, we discuss the behavior of the test from two standpoints: asymptotics and practical aspects. Asymptotic normality of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-12 Natsumi Makigusa , Kanta Naito

We propose novel kernel-based tests for assessing the equivalence between distributions. Traditional goodness-of-fit testing is inappropriate for concluding the absence of distributional differences, because failure to reject the null…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-17 Xing Liu , Axel Gandy

The Gaussian kernel is one of the most important kernels, applicable to many research fields, including scientific computing and data science. In this paper, we present asymptotic analysis of the Gaussian kernel matrix in high dimension…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-11 Kensuke Aishima

In modern data analysis, nonparametric measures of discrepancies between random variables are particularly important. The subject is well-studied in the frequentist literature, while the development in the Bayesian setting is limited where…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-01-25 Qinyi Zhang , Veit Wild , Sarah Filippi , Seth Flaxman , Dino Sejdinovic

On Euclidean spaces, the Gaussian kernel is one of the most widely used kernels in applications. It has also been used on non-Euclidean spaces, where it is known that there may be (and often are) scale parameters for which it is not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Nathaël Da Costa , Cyrus Mostajeran , Juan-Pablo Ortega

Gaussian processes (GPs) are used to make medical and scientific decisions, including in cardiac care and monitoring of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. Notably, the choice of GP kernel is often somewhat arbitrary. In particular,…

Gaussian Process (GP) regression is a powerful nonparametric Bayesian framework, but its performance depends critically on the choice of covariance kernel. Selecting an appropriate kernel is therefore central to model quality, yet remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Md Shafiqul Islam , Shakti Prasad Padhy , Douglas Allaire , Raymundo Arróyave

We investigate properties of goodness-of-fit tests based on the Kernel Stein Discrepancy (KSD). We introduce a strategy to construct a test, called KSDAgg, which aggregates multiple tests with different kernels. KSDAgg avoids splitting the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-22 Antonin Schrab , Benjamin Guedj , Arthur Gretton

We derive minimax testing errors in a distributed framework where the data is split over multiple machines and their communication to a central machine is limited to $b$ bits. We investigate both the $d$- and infinite-dimensional signal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-13 Botond Szabó , Lasse Vuursteen , Harry van Zanten

The method of regularization with the Gaussian reproducing kernel is popular in the machine learning literature and successful in many practical applications. In this paper we consider the periodic version of the Gaussian kernel…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Yi Lin , Lawrence D. Brown

We explore the minimax optimality of goodness-of-fit tests on general domains using the kernelized Stein discrepancy (KSD). The KSD framework offers a flexible approach for goodness-of-fit testing, avoiding strong distributional…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-24 Omar Hagrass , Bharath Sriperumbudur , Krishnakumar Balasubramanian
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