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In this paper, we present a machine learning approach for estimating the number of incident wavefronts in a direction of arrival scenario. In contrast to previous works, a multilayer neural network with a cross-entropy objective is trained.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-25 Andreas Barthelme , Reinhard Wiesmayr , Wolfgang Utschick

The near-field effect of short-range multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems imposes many challenges on direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation. Most conventional scenarios assume that the far-field planar wavefronts hold. In this…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-22 Yashuai Cao , Tiejun Lv , Zhipeng Lin , Pingmu Huang , Fuhong Lin

Conventional direction of arrival (DOA) estimation algorithms suffer from performance degradation due to antenna pattern distortion and substantial computational complexity in real-time execution. The support vector regression (SVR)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-20 Md Imrul Hasan , Mohammad Saquib

Single-snapshot signal processing in sparse linear arrays has become increasingly vital, particularly in dynamic environments like automotive radar systems, where only limited snapshots are available. These arrays are often utilized either…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-14 Ruxin Zheng , Shunqiao Sun , Hongshan Liu , Yimin D. Zhang

In this paper, we show that a multi-mode antenna (MMA) is an interesting alternative to a conventional phased antenna array for direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation. By MMA we mean a single physical radiator with multiple ports, which…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-02-14 Robert Pöhlmann , Sami Alkubti Almasri , Siwei Zhang , Thomas Jost , Armin Dammann , Peter A. Hoeher

Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation is a fundamental problem in array signal processing with applications spanning radar, sonar, wireless communications, and acoustic signal processing. This tutorial survey provides a comprehensive…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Amgad A. Salama

In this paper, we develop a new technique to obtain nearly optimal estimates of the computational resolution limits introduced in Appl. Comput. Harmon. Anal. 56 (2022) 402-446; IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 67(7) (2021) 4812-4827; Inverse Probl.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-17 Ping Liu , Habib Ammari

In this paper a robust algorithm for DOA estimation of coherent sources in presence of antenna array imperfections is presented. We exploit the current advances of deep learning to overcome two of the most common problems facing the state…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-07 Aya Mostafa Ahmed , Omar Eissa , Aydin Sezgin

Accurate, high-resolution, and real-time DOA estimation is a cornerstone of environmental perception in automotive radar systems. While sparse signal recovery techniques offer super-resolution and high-precision estimation, their…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-19 Longxin Bai , Jingchao Zhang , Liyan Qiao

In this paper, we explore the problems of detecting the number of narrow-band, far-field targets and estimating their corresponding directions of arrivals (DoAs) from single snapshot measurements. We use the principles of sparse signal…

Applications · Statistics 2017-09-12 Rakshith Jagannath

Direction-of-Arrival (DOA) estimation in sensor arrays faces limitations under demanding conditions, including low signal-to-noise ratio, single-snapshot scenarios, coherent sources, and unknown source counts. Conventional beamforming…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-14 Xuyao Deng , Yong Dou , Kele Xu

The signal processing community currently witnesses the emergence of sensor array processing and Direction-of-Arrival (DoA) estimation in various modern applications, such as automotive radar, mobile user and millimeter wave indoor…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-28 Marius Pesavento , Minh Trinh-Hoang , Mats Viberg

Supervised learning based methods for source localization, being data driven, can be adapted to different acoustic conditions via training and have been shown to be robust to adverse acoustic environments. In this paper, a convolutional…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-22 Soumitro Chakrabarty , Emanuël A. P. Habets

We develop a new tensor model for slow-time multiple-input multiple output (MIMO) radar and apply it for joint direction-of-departure (DOD) and direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. This tensor model aims to exploit the independence of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-19 Feng Xu , Sergiy A. Vorobyov , Xiaopeng Yang

This paper studies the effects of directional antenna element complex gain patterns and nonidealities in direction of arrival (DoA) estimation. We compare sparse arrays and classical uniform linear arrays, harnessing EM simulation tools to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-01 Niko Lindvall , Mikko Heino , Robin Rajamäki , Mikko Valkama , Visa Koivunen

This paper presents a general technique for the joint Direction-of-Arrival (DoA) and Time-of-Arrival (ToA) estimation in multipath environments. The proposed ultra-wideband technique is based on phase-mode expansions and the use of nearly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-28 Alejandro Ramírez-Arroyo , Antonio Alex-Amor , Pablo Padilla , Juan F. Valenzuela-Valdés

The directions of arrival (DOA) of plane waves are estimated from multi-snapshot sensor array data using Sparse Bayesian Learning (SBL). The prior source amplitudes is assumed independent zero-mean complex Gaussian distributed with…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-09-21 Peter Gerstoft , Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker , Angeliki Xenaki

Electromagnetic (EM) vector sensor arrays can track both the polarisation and direction of arrival (DOA) of the impinging signals. For linear crossed-dipole arrays, as shown by our analysis, due to inherent limitation of the structure, it…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-21 Xiang Lan , Wei Liu , Henry Y. T. Ngan

We address the problem of search-free direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for sensor arrays of arbitrary geometry under the challenging conditions of a single snapshot and coherent sources. We extend a method of searchfree…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-12-05 A. Govinda Raj , J. H. McClellan

In this paper, we propose a deep learning based multi-speaker direction of arrival (DOA) estimation with audio and visual signals by using permutation-free loss function. We first collect a data set for multi-modal sound source localization…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-27 Qing Wang , Hang Chen , Ya Jiang , Zhe Wang , Yuyang Wang , Jun Du , Chin-Hui Lee