Related papers: On Guaspari's problem about partially conservative…

We show that when certain statements are provable in subsystems of constructive analysis using intuitionistic predicate calculus, related sequential statements are provable in weak classical subsystems. In particular, if a $\Pi^1_2$…

Answering a question of Kaye, we show that the compositional truth theory with a full collection scheme is conservative over Peano Arithmetic. We demonstrate it by showing that countable models of compositional truth which satisfy the…

We offer a mathematical proof of consistency for Peano Arithmetic PA formalizable in PA. This result is compatible with Goedel's Second Incompleteness Theorem since our consistency proof does not rely on the representation of consistency as…

We continue investigating the structure of externally definable sets in NIP theories and preservation of NIP after expanding by new predicates. Most importantly: types over finite sets are uniformly definable; over a model, a family of…

Motivated by the theory of proof complexity generators we consider the following $\Sigma^p_2$ search problem $\mbox{DD}_P$ determined by a propositional proof system $P$: given a $P$-proof $\pi$ of a disjunction $\bigvee_i {\alpha}_i$, no…

We apply the recently developed technology of cofinality spectrum problems to prove a range of theorems in model theory. First, we prove that any model of Peano arithmetic is $\lambda$-saturated iff it has cofinality $\geq \lambda$ and the…

We establish the existence of weak solutions of coupled systems of elliptic partial differential equations with quasimonotone nonlinearities in the domain interior and on the boundary. When the nonlinearities satisfy some monotonicity…

Let x be a quadratic irrational and let P be the set of prime numbers. We show the existence of an infinite subset S of P such that the statistics of the period of the continued fraction expansions along the sequence {px: p\in S} approach…

As Paris and Harrington have famously shown, Peano Arithmetic does not prove that for all numbers $k,m,n$ there is an $N$ which satisfies the statement $\operatorname{PH}(k,m,n,N)$: For any $k$-colouring of its $n$-element subsets the set…

The Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT) is a well-known example of monotonic reasoning, of intense practical interest due to fast solvers, complemented by rigorous fine-grained complexity results. However, for non-monotonic reasoning,…

Let $G$ be a finite group. Suppose $N$ is a normal subgroup of $G$. Recall that Gallagher's theorem states that if $\chi \in {\rm Irr} (G)$ satisfies $\chi_N$ is irreducible, then $\chi \beta$ is irreducible and distinct for all $\beta \in…

This paper investigates two classes of quasilinear and essentially nonlinear integral equations with a sum-difference kernel on the half-line. Such equations arise in various areas of physics, including the theory of radiative transfer in…

We consider nonlinear scalar conservation laws posed on a network. We establish $L^1$ stability, and thus uniqueness, for weak solutions satisfying the entropy condition. We apply standard finite volume methods and show stability and…

This work deals with the existence of an almost periodic solution for certain kind of differential equations with generalized piecewise constant argument, almost periodic coefficients which are seen as a perturbation of a linear equation of…

We consider the satisfiability problem for the two-variable fragment of first-order logic over finite unranked trees. We work with signatures consisting of some unary predicates and the binary navigational predicates child, right sibling,…

For each $n\in\mathbb{N}$, let $[n]\phi$ mean "the sentence $\phi$ is true in all $\Sigma_{n+1}$-correct transitive sets." Assuming G\"odel's axiom $V = L$, we prove the following graded variant of Solovay's completeness theorem: the set of…

We construct a monadic second-order sentence that characterizes the ternary relations that are the betweenness relations of finite or infinite partial orders. We prove that no first-order sentence can do that. We characterize the partial…

We consider $K$-semialgebras for a commutative semiring $K$ that are at the same time $\Sigma$-algebras and satisfy certain linearity conditions. When each finite system of guarded polynomial fixed point equations has a unique solution over…

We consider a sequence $\mathbf{T} = (\mathcal{T}_n : n \in \mathbb{N}^+)$ of trees $\mathcal{T}_n$ where, for some $\Delta \in \mathbb{N}^+$ every $\mathcal{T}_n$ has height at most $\Delta$ and as $n \to \infty$ the minimal number of…

In this paper we demonstrate connections between three seemingly unrelated concepts. (1) The discrete isoperimetric problem in the infinite binary tree with all the leaves at the same level, $ {\mathcal T}_{\infty}$: The $n$-th edge…