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Modeling the dynamics of a quantum system connected to the environment is critical for advancing our understanding of complex quantum processes, as most quantum processes in nature are affected by an environment. Modeling a macroscopic…

Controlling the temperature of nano-scale quantum systems is becoming increasingly important in the efforts to develop thermal devices such as quantum heat valves, heat engines, and refrigerators, and to explore fundamental concepts in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-11-21 Pedro Portugal , Fredrik Brange , Christian Flindt

We explore the role of the initial state on the onset of thermalization in isolated quantum many-body systems after a quench. The initial state is an eigenstate of an initial Hamiltonian $\hat{H}_I$ and it evolves according to a different…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-10-16 E. J. Torres-Herrera , Lea F. Santos

The approach to thermal equilibrium, or thermalization, in isolated quantum systems is among the most fundamental problems in statistical physics. Recent theoretical studies have revealed that thermalization in isolated quantum systems has…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-05-23 Takashi Mori , Tatsuhiko N. Ikeda , Eriko Kaminishi , Masahito Ueda

Interesting problems in quantum computation take the form of finding low-energy states of (pseudo)spin systems with engineered Hamiltonians that encode the problem data. Motivated by the practical possibility of producing very…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-11 Jiajin Feng , Biao Wu , Frank Wilczek

Understanding emergent phenomena in out-of-equilibrium interacting many-body systems is an exciting frontier in physical science. While quantum simulators represent a promising approach to this long-standing problem, in practice it can be…

Many-body physics is one very well suited field for testing quantum algorithms and for finding working heuristics on present quantum computers. We have investigated the non-equilibrium dynamics of one- and two-electron systems, which are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-06 Sabine Tornow , Wolfgang Gehrke , Udo Helmbrecht

Understanding how microscopic few-body interactions give rise to thermal behavior in isolated quantum many-body systems remains a central challenge in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. While individual energy eigenstates are expected to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Akihiro Hokkyo

We review some recent developments in the statistical mechanics of isolated quantum systems. We provide a brief introduction to quantum thermalization, paying particular attention to the `Eigenstate Thermalization Hypothesis' (ETH), and the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-04-07 Rahul Nandkishore , David A. Huse

Non-equilibrium time evolution in isolated many-body quantum systems generally results in thermalization. However, the relaxation process can be very slow, and quasi-stationary non-thermal plateaux are often observed at intermediate times.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-07-06 Vincenzo Alba , Maurizio Fagotti

Dissipative state engineering is a general term for a protocol which prepares the ground state of a complex many-body Hamiltonian using engineered dissipation or engineered environments. Recently, it was shown that a version of this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-10 Neill Lambert , Mauro Cirio , Jhen-dong Lin , Paul Menczel , Pengfei Liang , Franco Nori

Understanding how interacting particles approach thermal equilibrium is a major challenge of quantum simulators. Unlocking the full potential of such systems toward this goal requires flexible initial state preparation, precise time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-10 Trond I. Andersen , Nikita Astrakhantsev , Amir H. Karamlou , Julia Berndtsson , Johannes Motruk , Aaron Szasz , Jonathan A. Gross , Alexander Schuckert , Tom Westerhout , Yaxing Zhang , Ebrahim Forati , Dario Rossi , Bryce Kobrin , Agustin Di Paolo , Andrey R. Klots , Ilya Drozdov , Vladislav D. Kurilovich , Andre Petukhov , Lev B. Ioffe , Andreas Elben , Aniket Rath , Vittorio Vitale , Benoit Vermersch , Rajeev Acharya , Laleh Aghababaie Beni , Kyle Anderson , Markus Ansmann , Frank Arute , Kunal Arya , Abraham Asfaw , Juan Atalaya , Brian Ballard , Joseph C. Bardin , Andreas Bengtsson , Alexander Bilmes , Gina Bortoli , Alexandre Bourassa , Jenna Bovaird , Leon Brill , Michael Broughton , David A. Browne , Brett Buchea , Bob B. Buckley , David A. Buell , Tim Burger , Brian Burkett , Nicholas Bushnell , Anthony Cabrera , Juan Campero , Hung-Shen Chang , Zijun Chen , Ben Chiaro , Jahan Claes , Agnetta Y. Cleland , Josh Cogan , Roberto Collins , Paul Conner , William Courtney , Alexander L. Crook , Sayan Das , Dripto M. Debroy , Laura De Lorenzo , Alexander Del Toro Barba , Sean Demura , Paul Donohoe , Andrew Dunsworth , Clint Earle , Alec Eickbusch , Aviv Moshe Elbag , Mahmoud Elzouka , Catherine Erickson , Lara Faoro , Reza Fatemi , Vinicius S. Ferreira , Leslie Flores Burgos , Austin G. Fowler , Brooks Foxen , Suhas Ganjam , Robert Gasca , William Giang , Craig Gidney , Dar Gilboa , Marissa Giustina , Raja Gosula , Alejandro Grajales Dau , Dietrich Graumann , Alex Greene , Steve Habegger , Michael C. Hamilton , Monica Hansen , Matthew P. Harrigan , Sean D. Harrington , Stephen Heslin , Paula Heu , Gordon Hill , Markus R. Hoffmann , Hsin-Yuan Huang , Trent Huang , Ashley Huff , William J. Huggins , Sergei V. Isakov , Evan Jeffrey , Zhang Jiang , Cody Jones , Stephen Jordan , Chaitali Joshi , Pavol Juhas , Dvir Kafri , Hui Kang , Kostyantyn Kechedzhi , Trupti Khaire , Tanuj Khattar , Mostafa Khezri , Mária Kieferová , Seon Kim , Alexei Kitaev , Paul V. Klimov , Alexander N. Korotkov , Fedor Kostritsa , John Mark Kreikebaum , David Landhuis , Brandon W. Langley , Pavel Laptev , Kim-Ming Lau , Loïck Le Guevel , Justin Ledford , Joonho Lee , Kenny Lee , Yuri D. Lensky , Brian J. Lester , Wing Yan Li , Alexander T. Lill , Wayne Liu , William P. Livingston , Aditya Locharla , Daniel Lundahl , Aaron Lunt , Sid Madhuk , Ashley Maloney , Salvatore Mandrà , Leigh S. Martin , Orion Martin , Steven Martin , Cameron Maxfield , Jarrod R. McClean , Matt McEwen , Seneca Meeks , Kevin C. Miao , Amanda Mieszala , Sebastian Molina , Shirin Montazeri , Alexis Morvan , Ramis Movassagh , Charles Neill , Ani Nersisyan , Michael Newman , Anthony Nguyen , Murray Nguyen , Chia-Hung Ni , Murphy Yuezhen Niu , William D. Oliver , Kristoffer Ottosson , Alex Pizzuto , Rebecca Potter , Orion Pritchard , Leonid P. Pryadko , Chris Quintana , Matthew J. Reagor , David M. Rhodes , Gabrielle Roberts , Charles Rocque , Eliott Rosenberg , Nicholas C. Rubin , Negar Saei , Kannan Sankaragomathi , Kevin J. Satzinger , Henry F. Schurkus , Christopher Schuster , Michael J. Shearn , Aaron Shorter , Noah Shutty , Vladimir Shvarts , Volodymyr Sivak , Jindra Skruzny , Spencer Small , W. Clarke Smith , Sofia Springer , George Sterling , Jordan Suchard , Marco Szalay , Alex Sztein , Douglas Thor , Alfredo Torres , M. Mert Torunbalci , Abeer Vaishnav , Sergey Vdovichev , Benjamin Villalonga , Catherine Vollgraff Heidweiller , Steven Waltman , Shannon X. Wang , Theodore White , Kristi Wong , Bryan W. Woo , Cheng Xing , Z. Jamie Yao , Ping Yeh , Bicheng Ying , Juhwan Yoo , Noureldin Yosri , Grayson Young , Adam Zalcman , Ningfeng Zhu , Nicholas Zobrist , Hartmut Neven , Ryan Babbush , Sergio Boixo , Jeremy Hilton , Erik Lucero , Anthony Megrant , Julian Kelly , Yu Chen , Vadim Smelyanskiy , Guifre Vidal , Pedram Roushan , Andreas M. Lauchli , Dmitry A. Abanin , Xiao Mi

Many-body localization is a striking mechanism that prevents interacting quantum systems from thermalizing. The absence of thermalization behaviour manifests itself, for example, in a remanence of local particle number configurations, a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-12-30 Augustine Kshetrimayum , Marcel Goihl , Jens Eisert

We study the thermalization of excitations generated by spontaneous emission events for cold bosons in an optical lattice. Computing the dynamics described by the many-body master equation, we characterize equilibration timescales in…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2014-01-15 Johannes Schachenmayer , Lode Pollet , Matthias Troyer , Andrew John Daley

Strongly interacting fermions underpin some of the most challenging problems in condensed matter physics, such as high-temperature superconductivity. The low-energy states of these systems encode their essential microscopic properties, yet…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-05 Henning Schlömer , Liyuan Chen , Susanne F. Yelin , Hong-Ye Hu

Temperature is a deceptively simple concept that still raises deep questions at the forefront of quantum physics research. The observation of thermalisation in completely isolated quantum systems, such as cold-atom quantum simulators,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-09 Mark T. Mitchison , Archak Purkayastha , Marlon Brenes , Alessandro Silva , John Goold

Quantum dynamics can be analyzed via the structure of energy eigenstates. However, in the many-body setting, preparing eigenstates associated with finite temperatures requires time scaling exponentially with system size. In this work we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-11 Samuel J. Garratt , Soonwon Choi

In the pursuit of numerically identifying the ground state of quantum many-body systems, approximate quantum wavefunction ansatzes are commonly employed. This study focuses on the spectral decomposition of these approximate quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-29 Yu-Qin Chen , Shi-Xin Zhang

We present a critical derivation of the high-temperature quantum Markovian master equation (HTME), examining its foundational assumptions, their quantum-mechanical implications, and its range of validity. Starting from the Born-Markov…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-27 Ricardo C. Zamar , J. Agustín Taboada

Calculating the physical properties of quantum thermal states is a difficult problem for classical computers, rendering it intractable for most quantum many-body systems. A quantum computer, by contrast, would make many of these…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-11-19 John Martyn , Brian Swingle