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Deep networks are increasingly being applied to problems involving image synthesis, e.g., generating images from textual descriptions and reconstructing an input image from a compact representation. Supervised training of image-synthesis…
X-ray CT often suffers from shadowing and streaking artifacts in the presence of metallic materials, which severely degrade imaging quality. Physically, the linear attenuation coefficients (LACs) of metals vary significantly with X-ray…
Promoting the connectivity of curvilinear structures, such as neuronal processes in biomedical scans and blood vessels in CT images, remains a key challenge in semantic segmentation. Traditional pixel-wise loss functions, including…
LAFOV PET/CT has the potential to unlock new applications such as ultra-low dose PET/CT imaging, multiplexed imaging, for biomarker development and for faster AI-driven reconstruction, but further work is required before these can be…
Deep learning techniques have shown their success in medical image segmentation since they are easy to manipulate and robust to various types of datasets. The commonly used loss functions in the deep segmentation task are pixel-wise loss…
Although supervised convolutional neural networks (CNNs) often outperform conventional alternatives for denoising positron emission tomography (PET) images, they require many low- and high-quality reference PET image pairs. Herein, we…
Patient movement in emission tomography deteriorates reconstruction quality because of motion blur. Gating the data improves the situation somewhat: each gate contains a movement phase which is approximately stationary. A standard method is…
Satellite imagery analysis plays a pivotal role in remote sensing; however, information loss due to cloud cover significantly impedes its application. Although existing deep cloud removal models have achieved notable outcomes, they scarcely…
Traditional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) typically use the same activation function (usually ReLU) for all neurons with non-linear mapping operations. For example, the deep convolutional architecture Inception-v4 uses ReLU. To…
Remarkable progress has been made in image recognition, primarily due to the availability of large-scale annotated datasets and the revival of deep CNN. CNNs enable learning data-driven, highly representative, layered hierarchical image…
Artificial intelligence (AI) is entering medical imaging, mainly enhancing image reconstruction. Nevertheless, improvements throughout the entire processing, from signal detection to computation, potentially offer significant benefits. This…
Positron Emission Tomography / Computed Tomography (PET/CT) plays a critical role in medical imaging, combining functional and anatomical information to aid in accurate diagnosis. However, image quality degradation due to noise, compression…
This paper addresses the problem of visual feature representation learning with an aim to improve the performance of end-to-end reinforcement learning (RL) models. Specifically, a novel architecture is proposed that uses a heterogeneous…
X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) is an important tool in medical imaging to obtain a direct visualization of patient anatomy. However, the x-ray radiation exposure leads to the concern of lifetime cancer risk. Low-dose CT scan can reduce the…
Computed Tomography is one of the efficient and vital modalities of non-destructive techniques (NDT). Various factors influence the CT reconstruction result, including limited projection data, detector electronics optimization, background…
Brain lesion and anatomy segmentation in magnetic resonance images are fundamental tasks in neuroimaging research and clinical practice. Given enough training data, convolutional neuronal networks (CNN) proved to outperform all existent…
In Europe the 20% of the CT scans cover the thoracic region. The acquired images contain information about the cardiovascular system that often remains latent due to the lack of contrast in the cardiac area. On the other hand, the contrast…
Metal artifacts caused by the presence of metallic implants tremendously degrade the reconstructed computed tomography (CT) image quality, affecting clinical diagnosis or reducing the accuracy of organ delineation and dose calculation in…
Objective: Dynamic cone-beam CT (CBCT) imaging is highly desired in image-guided radiation therapy to provide volumetric images with high spatial and temporal resolutions to enable applications including tumor motion tracking/prediction and…
Low-dose Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging presents a significant challenge due to increased noise and reduced image quality, which can compromise its diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility. Denoising diffusion probabilistic…