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A $\frac{1}{k}$-majority $l$-edge-colouring of a graph $G$ is a colouring of its edges with $l$ colours such that for every colour $i$ and each vertex $v$ of $G$, at most $\frac{1}{k}$'th of the edges incident with $v$ have colour $i$. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-29 Paweł Pękała , Jakub Przybyło

A coloring of vertices of a graph is called perfect if, for every vertex, the collection of colors of its neighbors depends only on its own color. The correspondent color partition of vertices is called equitable. We note that a number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-16 Vladimir N. Potapov

Let $G$ be a simple undirected graph on $n$ vertices with maximum degree~$\Delta$. Brooks' Theorem states that $G$ has a $\Delta$-colouring unless~$G$ is a complete graph, or a cycle with an odd number of vertices. To recolour $G$ is to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-01-26 Carl Feghali , Matthew Johnson , Daniël Paulusma

In 2003, Kostochka, Pelsmajer, and West introduced a list analogue of equitable coloring called equitable choosability. In this paper, we motivate and define a new list analogue of equitable coloring called proportional choosability. A…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-20 Hemanshu Kaul , Jeffrey A. Mudrock , Michael J. Pelsmajer , Benjamin Reiniger

A proper conflict-free colouring of a graph is a colouring of the vertices such that any two adjacent vertices receive different colours, and for every non-isolated vertex $v$, some colour appears exactly once on the neighbourhood of $v$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-01 Chun-Hung Liu , Bruce Reed

Fix $k \geq 3$, and let $G$ be a $k$-uniform hypergraph with maximum degree $\Delta$. Suppose that for each $l = 2, ..., k-1$, every set of l vertices of G is in at most $\Delta^{(k-l)/(k-1)}/f$ edges. Then the chromatic number of $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-04-11 Jeff Cooper , Dhruv Mubayi

A vertex-coloring of a hypergraph is conflict-free, if each edge contains a vertex whose color is not repeated on any other vertex of that edge. Let $f(r, \Delta)$ be the smallest integer $k$ such that each $r$-uniform hypergraph of maximum…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-06 Maria Axenovich , Jonathan Rollin

An $r$-hued coloring of a simple graph $G$ is a proper coloring of its vertices such that every vertex $v$ is adjacent to at least $\min\{r, \deg(v)\}$ differently colored vertices. The minimum number of colors needed for an $r$-hued…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-03 Stanislav Jendroľ , Alfréd Onderko

The following relaxation of proper coloring the square of a graph was recently introduced: for a positive integer $h$, the proper $h$-conflict-free chromatic number of a graph $G$, denoted $\chi_{pcf}^h(G)$, is the minimum $k$ such that $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-18 Eun-Kyung Cho , Ilkyoo Choi , Hyemin Kwon , Boram Park

A $k$-coloring of a graph $G=(V,E)$ is called semi-equitable if there exists a partition of its vertex set into independent subsets $V_1,\ldots,V_k$ in such a way that $|V_1| \notin \{\lceil |V|/k\rceil, \lfloor |V|/k \rfloor\}$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-06 H. Furmańczyk , M. Kubale

A graph $G$ is equitably $k$-colorable if its vertices can be partitioned into $k$ independent sets in such a way that the number of vertices in any two sets differ by at most one. The smallest integer $k$ for which such a coloring exists…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-04-21 Hanna Furmańczyk , Marek Kubale

If $k\geq 0$, then a $k$-edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an assignment of colors to edges of $G$ from the set of $k$ colors, so that adjacent edges receive different colors. A $k$-edge-colorable subgraph of $G$ is maximum if it is the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-07-18 Liana Karapetyan , Vahan Mkrtchyan

This paper studies sufficient conditions to obtain efficient distributed algorithms coloring graphs optimally (i.e.\ with the minimum number of colors) in the LOCAL model of computation. Most of the work on distributed vertex coloring so…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-25 Étienne Bamas , Louis Esperet

A proper edge coloring of a graph $G$ with colors $1,2,\dots,t$ is called a \emph{cyclic interval $t$-coloring} if for each vertex $v$ of $G$ the edges incident to $v$ are colored by consecutive colors, under the condition that color $1$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-03-30 Armen S. Asratian , Carl Johan Casselgren , Petros A. Petrosyan

We prove that for any graph $G$, the total chromatic number of $G$ is at most $\Delta(G)+2\left\lceil \frac{|V(G)|}{\Delta(G)+1} \right\rceil$. This saves one color in comparison with a result of Hind from 1992. In particular, our result…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-14 Aseem Dalal , Jessica McDonald , Songling Shan

A graph $G$ is called a complete $k$-partite ($k\geq 2$) graph if its vertices can be partitioned into $k$ independent sets $V_{1},...,V_{k}$ such that each vertex in $V_{i}$ is adjacent to all the other vertices in $V_{j}$ for $1\leq…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-11-26 Petros A. Petrosyan

A graph is equitably $k$-colorable if its vertices can be partitioned into $k$ independent sets in such a way that the number of vertices in any two sets differ by at most one. The smallest $k$ for which such a coloring exists is known as…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-10-25 Hanna Furmañczyk , Marek Kubale , Vahan V. Mkrtchyan

A coloring of a graph is an assignment of colors to its vertices such that adjacent vertices have different colors. Two colorings are equivalent if they induce the same partition of the vertex set into color classes. Let $\mathcal{A}(G)$ be…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-11 Alain Hertz , Hadrien Mélot , Sébastien Bonte , Gauvain Devillez , Pierre Hauweele

Let $G=(V(G), E(G))$ be a graph with maximum degree $\Delta$. For a subset $M$ of $E(G)$, we denote by $G[V(M)]$ the subgraph of $G$ induced by the endvertices of edges in $M$. We call $M$ a semistrong matching if each edge of $M$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-20 Yuquan Lin , Wensong Lin

A proper coloring of vertices of a graph is equitable if the sizes of any two color classes differ by at most 1. Such colorings have many applications and are interesting by themselves. In this paper, we discuss the state of art and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-22 H. A. Kierstead , Alexandr Kostochka , Zimu Xiang