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We propose a framework for the statistical evaluation of variational auto-encoders (VAEs) and test two instances of this framework in the context of modelling images of handwritten digits and a corpus of English text. Our take on evaluation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Claartje Barkhof , Wilker Aziz

Although the Conditional Variational AutoEncoder (CVAE) model can generate more diversified responses than the traditional Seq2Seq model, the responses often have low relevance with the input words or are illogical with the question. A…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Jiayi Liu , Wei Wei , Zhixuan Chu , Xing Gao , Ji Zhang , Tan Yan , Yulin Kang

In this work we explore deep generative models of text in which the latent representation of a document is itself drawn from a discrete language model distribution. We formulate a variational auto-encoder for inference in this model and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-17 Yishu Miao , Phil Blunsom

State-of-the-art Variational Auto-Encoders (VAEs) for learning disentangled latent representations give impressive results in discovering features like pitch, pause duration, and accent in speech data, leading to highly controllable…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Shakti Kumar , Jithin Pradeep , Hussain Zaidi

Autoencoders have been used for finding interpretable and disentangled features underlying neural network representations in both image and text domains. While the efficacy and pitfalls of such methods are well-studied in vision, there is a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Abhinav Menon , Manish Shrivastava , David Krueger , Ekdeep Singh Lubana

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a popular tool for interpreting the hidden states of large language models (LLMs). By learning to reconstruct activations from a sparse bottleneck layer, SAEs discover interpretable features from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Matthew Lyle Olson , Musashi Hinck , Neale Ratzlaff , Changbai Li , Phillip Howard , Vasudev Lal , Shao-Yen Tseng

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) are a powerful dictionary learning technique for decomposing neural network activations, translating the hidden state into human ideas with high semantic value despite no external intervention or guidance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Albert Miao , Chenliang Zhou , Jiawei Zhou , Cengiz Oztireli

Deep generative models are increasingly becoming integral parts of the in silico molecule design pipeline and have dual goals of learning the chemical and structural features that render candidate molecules viable while also being flexible…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-06-08 Yair Schiff , Vijil Chenthamarakshan , Karthikeyan Natesan Ramamurthy , Payel Das

Neural conversation models such as encoder-decoder models are easy to generate bland and generic responses. Some researchers propose to use the conditional variational autoencoder(CVAE) which maximizes the lower bound on the conditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Jun Gao , Wei Bi , Xiaojiang Liu , Junhui Li , Guodong Zhou , Shuming Shi

Conditional Generative Models are now acknowledged an essential tool in Machine Learning. This paper focuses on their control. While many approaches aim at disentangling the data through the coordinate-wise control of their latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Victor Berger , Michèle Sebag

Deep generative models like VAEs and diffusion models have advanced various generation tasks by leveraging latent variables to learn data distributions and generate high-quality samples. Despite the field of explainable AI making strides in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Mengdan Zhu , Raasikh Kanjiani , Jiahui Lu , Andrew Choi , Qirui Ye , Liang Zhao

We propose to learn model invariances as a means of interpreting a model. This is motivated by a reverse engineering principle. If we understand a problem, we may introduce inductive biases in our model in the form of invariances.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-16 An-phi Nguyen , María Rodríguez Martínez

It has been previously observed that training Variational Recurrent Autoencoders (VRAE) for text generation suffers from serious uninformative latent variables problem. The model would collapse into a plain language model that totally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-20 Dayiheng Liu , Xu Yang , Feng He , Yuanyuan Chen , Jiancheng Lv

It has been long known that sparsity is an effective inductive bias for learning efficient representation of data in vectors with fixed dimensionality, and it has been explored in many areas of representation learning. Of particular…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Victor Prokhorov , Yingzhen Li , Ehsan Shareghi , Nigel Collier

While mel-spectrograms have been widely utilized as intermediate representations in zero-shot text-to-speech (TTS), their inherent redundancy leads to inefficiency in learning text-speech alignment. Compact VAE-based latent representations…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Zhikang Niu , Shujie Hu , Jeongsoo Choi , Yushen Chen , Peining Chen , Pengcheng Zhu , Yunting Yang , Bowen Zhang , Jian Zhao , Chunhui Wang , Xie Chen

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) have become a popular approach for dimensionality reduction. However, despite their ability to identify latent low-dimensional structures embedded within high-dimensional data, these latent representations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-27 Kaspar Märtens , Christopher Yau

Recent work on generative modeling of text has found that variational auto-encoders (VAE) incorporating LSTM decoders perform worse than simpler LSTM language models (Bowman et al., 2015). This negative result is so far poorly understood,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-06-20 Zichao Yang , Zhiting Hu , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick

Generative models of graphs are well-known, but many existing models are limited in scalability and expressivity. We present a novel sequential graphical variational autoencoder operating directly on graphical representations of data. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Bowen Jing , Ethan A. Chi , Jillian Tang

Learning interpretable and disentangled representations of data is a key topic in machine learning research. Variational Autoencoder (VAE) is a scalable method for learning directed latent variable models of complex data. It employs a clear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Andriy Serdega , Dae-Shik Kim

Latent generative models have emerged as a leading approach for high-quality image synthesis. These models rely on an autoencoder to compress images into a latent space, followed by a generative model to learn the latent distribution. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Theodoros Kouzelis , Ioannis Kakogeorgiou , Spyros Gidaris , Nikos Komodakis
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