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The need to acquire multiple angle-resolved electron energy loss spectra (EELS) is one of the several critical challenges associated with electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) experiments. If the experiments are performed by scanning…

Electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) enables element-specific measurement of spin and orbital magnetic moments, analogous to X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). While the EMCD technique…

The calculations presented here reveal that an electron probe carrying orbital angular momentum is just a particular case of a wider class of electron beams that can be used to measure electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) with atomic…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-22 Jan Rusz , Juan-Carlos Idrobo , Somnath Bhowmick

Electron magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD) is an emerging tool for quantitative measurements of magnetic properties using the transmission electron microscope (TEM), with the possibility of nanometer resolution. The geometrical conditions,…

We give an experimental demonstration of two types of recently proposed ventilator apertures which can be used to acquire electron magnetic circular dichroic (EMCD) signals in zone axis orientation with high spatial resolution. To simplify…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-07-01 Hasan Ali , Devendra Negi , Tobias Warnatz , Björgvin Hjörvarsson , Jan Rusz , Klaus Leifer

When aiming for atomic resolution electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) in STEM mode, the high convergence angle of the electron probe can lead to unforeseen artefacts and strong reductions of the signal to noise ratio (SNR) in the…

When magnetic properties are analysed in a TEM using the technique of electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD), one of the critical parameters is the sample orientation, and this, independently on the chosen acquisition geometry. Since…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-12-16 Hasan Ali , Jan Rusz , Tobias Warnatz , Björgvin Hjörvarsson , Klaus Leifer

Magnetic Circular Dichroism (MCD) is a standard technique for the study of magnetic properties of materials in synchrotron beamlines. We present here a new scattering geometry in the Transmission Electron Microscope through which MCD can be…

Recently it was demonstrated (Schattschneider et al., Nature 441 (2006), 486), that an analogue of the X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) experiment can be performed with the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The new phenomenon…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-09-29 Jan Rusz , Stefano Rubino , Peter Schattschneider

We describe a new experimental setup for the detection of magnetic circular dichroism with fast electrons (EMCD). As compared to earlier findings the signal is an order of magnitude higher, while the probed area could be significantly…

One of the most challenging issues in the characterization of magnetic materials is to obtain quantitative analysis on the nanometer scale. Here we describe how electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) measurements using the transmission…

Electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) is a powerful technique for estimating element-specific magnetic moments of materials on nanoscale with the potential to reach atomic resolution in transmission electron microscopes. However, the…

Understanding the ramifications of reduced crystalline symmetry on magnetic behavior is a critical step in improving our understanding of nanoscale and interfacial magnetism. However, investigations of such effects are often controversial…

Quantitative electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) enables the measurement of magnetic moments with elemental and atomic site sensitivity, but its practical application is fundamentally…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-29 Hitoshi Makino , Bernd Rellinghaus , Sebastian Schneider , Axel Lubk , Darius Pohl

Energy-loss magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD) allows for the quantification of magnetic properties of materials at the nanometer scale. It is shown that with the support of simulations that help to identify the optimal conditions for a…

Use of electron vortex beams (EVB), that is convergent electron beams carrying an orbital angular momentum (OAM), is a novel development in the field of transmission electron microscopy. They should allow measurement of element-specific…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-19 Jan Rusz , Somnath Bhowmick , Mattias Eriksson , Nikolaj Karlsson

Energy-loss magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD) is a versatile method for studying magnetic properties on the nanoscale. However, the classical EMCD technique is notorious for its low signal to noise ratio (SNR). Here, we study the theoretical…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2019-03-12 Stefan Löffler , Walid Hetaba

In this work we derive sum rules for orbital angular momentum(OAM) resolved electron magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD) which enable the evaluation of the strength of spin and orbital components of the atomic magnetic moments in a crystalline…

We discuss the feasibility of detecting spin polarized electronic transitions with a vortex filter. This approach does not rely on the principal condition of the standard energy loss magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD) technique, the precise…

Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has advanced rapidly in the last decade thanks to the ability to correct the major aberrations of the probe forming lens. Now atomic-sized beams are routine, even at accelerating voltages as…

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