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Citation numbers and other quantities derived from bibliographic databases are becoming standard tools for the assessment of productivity and impact of research activities. Though widely used, still their statistical properties have not…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-12-17 Filippo Radicchi , Claudio Castellano

Purpose: Analyze the diversity of citation distributions to publications in different research topics to investigate the accuracy of size-independent, rank-based indicators. Top percentile-based indicators are the most common indicators of…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Alonso Rodríguez-Navarro

Despite persistent efforts to understand the dynamics of creativity of scientists over careers in terms of productivity, impact, and prize, little is known about the dynamics of scientists' disruptive efforts that affect individual academic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-05-28 Shuang Zhang , Feifan Liu , Haoxiang Xia

Publication bias arises whenever the probability that a study is published depends on the statistical significance of its results. This bias, often called the file-drawer effect since the unpublished results are imagined to be tucked away…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 Jeffrey D. Scargle

We study the theoretical foundations of composition in diffusion models, with a particular focus on out-of-distribution extrapolation and length-generalization. Prior work has shown that composing distributions via linear score combination…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Arwen Bradley , Preetum Nakkiran , David Berthelot , James Thornton , Joshua M. Susskind

It has long been known that scientific output proceeds on an exponential increase, or more properly, a logistic growth curve. The interplay between effort and discovery is clear, and the nature of the functional form has been thought to be…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-05-17 Samuel Arbesman

Statistical inference on the mean of a Poisson distribution is a fundamentally important problem with modern applications in, e.g., particle physics. The discreteness of the Poisson distribution makes this problem surprisingly challenging,…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-07-03 Ryan Martin , Duncan Ermini Leaf , Chuanhai Liu

Percentiles are statistics pointing to the standing of a paper's citation impact relative to other papers in a given citation distribution. Percentile Ranks (PRs) often play an important role in evaluating the impact of scholars,…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2020-05-04 Lutz Bornmann , Richard Williams

A workload model using the infinite source Poisson model for bursts is combined with the on--off model for within burst activity. Burst durations and on--off durations are assumed to have heavy-tailed distributions with infinite variance…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-06-06 David A. Rolls

Citation count is a popular index for assessing scientific papers. However, it depends on not only the quality of a paper but also various factors, such as conventionality, team size, and gender. Here, we examine the extent to which the…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Munjung Kim , Jisung Yoon , Woo-Sung Jung , Hyunuk Kim

Given a statistical model, we propose a novel estimation method that yields randomised estimators for the unknown distribution of an observed random variable. We establish non-asymptotic bounds for the performance of these estimators and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Yannick Baraud

Reputation is an important social construct in science, which enables informed quality assessments of both publications and careers of scientists in the absence of complete systemic information. However, the relation between reputation and…

Reproducibility, the ability to recompute results, and replicability, the chances other experimenters will achieve a consistent result, are two foundational characteristics of successful scientific research. Consistent findings from…

Applications · Statistics 2015-06-23 Jeffrey T. Leek , Roger D. Peng

Scientific impact has been the center of extended debate regarding its accuracy and reliability. From hiring committees in academic institutions to governmental agencies that distribute funding, an author's scientific success as measured by…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Giannis Nikolentzos , George Panagopoulos , Iakovos Evdaimon , Michalis Vazirgiannis

Academic data sharing is a way for researchers to collaborate and thereby meet the needs of an increasingly complex research landscape. It enables researchers to verify results and to pursuit new research questions with "old" data. It is…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Benedikt Fecher , Sascha Friesike , Marcel Hebing , Stephanie Linek , Armin Sauermann

Citation distributions are crucial for the analysis and modeling of the activity of scientists. We investigated bibliometric data of papers published in journals of the American Physical Society, searching for the type of function which…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-10-11 Young-Ho Eom , Santo Fortunato

The rapid evolution of scientific research has been creating a huge volume of publications every year. Among the many quantification measures of scientific impact, citation count stands out for its frequent use in the research community.…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Sha Yuan , Jie Tang , Yu Zhang , Yifan Wang , Tong Xiao

A crucial goal of funding research and development has always been to advance economic development. On this basis, a consider-able body of research undertaken with the purpose of determining what exactly constitutes economic impact and how…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Abdul Rahman Shaikh , Hamed Alhoori

According to current research in bibliometrics, percentiles (or percentile rank classes) are the most suitable method for normalising the citation counts of individual publications in terms of the subject area, the document type and the…

Applications · Statistics 2012-06-11 Lutz Bornmann

The ability to predict the long-term impact of a scientific article soon after its publication is of great value towards accurate assessment of research performance. In this work we test the hypothesis that good predictions of long-term…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Giovanni Abramo , Ciriaco Andrea D'Angelo , Giovanni Felici