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In this paper, we propose a Spin-Torque (ST) based sensing scheme that can enable energy efficient multi-bit long distance interconnect architectures. Current-mode interconnects have recently been proposed to overcome the performance…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-04-20 Zubair Al Azim , Abhronil Sengupta , Syed Shakib Sarwar , Kaushik Roy

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) play a crucial role in spintronic applications, particularly data storage and sensors. Especially as a non-volatile memory, MTJs have received substantial attention due to its CMOS compatibility, low power…

Spin-based memories are attractive for their non-volatility and high durability but provide modest resistance changes, whereas semiconductor logic transistors are capable of large resistance changes, but lack memory function with high…

Processing-in-memory (PIM) reduces data transfer latency by rolling memory and logic elements into one compute location. As an emergent material candidate for such an architecture, we propose a strained Weyl semimetal based…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Youjian Chen , Hamed Vakili , Md Golam Morshed , Avik W. Ghosh

The spin filtering effect, distinct decaying lengths experienced by oppositely spin-polarized electrons in a magnetic barrier, generally occurs in ferromagnetic (FM) insulators or semiconductors. With the rise of altermagnetic (ALM)…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-01-08 Boyuan Chi , Leina Jiang , Yu Zhu , Guoqiang Yu , Caihua Wan , Xiufeng Han

Ferroelectric polarization switching in electrically controlled van der Waals multiferroic tunnel junctions (vdW-MFTJs) causes atomic migration, compromising device stability and fatigue resistance. Here we propose a fully magnetically…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-05-20 Zhi Yan , Xujin Zhang , Jianhua Xiao , Cheng Fang , Xiaohong Xu

Spin transfer torque (STT) driven by a charge current plays a key role in magnetization switching in heavy-metal/ferromagnetic-metal structures. The STT efficiency defined by the ratio between the effective field due to STT and the current…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-03-18 Jianshu Xue , Yaping Guo , Ledong Wang , Yanan Dong , Yanxue Chen , Yufeng Tian , Shishen Yan , Lihui Bai

We propose a new type of multi-bit and energy-efficient magnetic memory based on current-driven, field-free, and highly controlled domain wall motion. A meandering domain wall channel with precisely interspersed pinning regions provides the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Pengxiang Zhang , Wilfried Haensch , Charudatta M. Phatak , Supratik Guha

Neuromorphic computing aims to mimic both the function and structure of biological neural networks to provide artificial intelligence with extreme efficiency. Conventional approaches store synaptic weights in non-volatile memory devices…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Peng Zhou , Alexander J. Edwards , Frederick B. Mancoff , Sanjeev Aggarwal , Stephen K. Heinrich-Barna , Joseph S. Friedman

Antiferromagnetic spintronics exhibits ultra-high operational speed and stability in a magnetic field, holding promise for the realization of next-generation ultra-high-speed magnetic storage. However, theoretical exploration of the…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-01-08 Zhi Yan , Dan Qiao , Wentian Lu , Xinlong Dong , Xiaohong Xu

Physical devices exhibiting stochastic functions with low energy consumption and high device density have the potential to enable complex probability-based computing algorithms, accelerate machine learning tasks, and enhance hardware…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-09-17 Dooyong Koh , Qiuyuan Wang , Brooke C. McGoldrick , Chung-Tao Chou , Luqiao Liu , Marc A. Baldo

Spin Transfer Torque MRAMs are attractive due to their non-volatility, high density and zero leakage. However, STT-MRAMs suffer from poor reliability due to shared read and write paths. Additionally, conflicting requirements for data…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-06-20 Zoha Pajouhi , Xuanyao Fong , Anand Raghunathan , Kaushik Roy

Hardware neural networks that implement synaptic weights with embedded non-volatile memory, such as spin torque memory (ST-MRAM), are a major lead for low energy artificial intelligence. In this work, we propose an approximate storage…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-10-26 Nicolas Locatelli , Adrien F. Vincent , Damien Querlioz

Superparamagnetic tunnel junctions (sMTJs) are emerging as promising components for stochastic units in neuromorphic computing, owing to their tunable random switching behavior. Conventional MTJ control methods, such as spin-transfer torque…

Replacing the ferromagnet with ferrimagnet (FiM) in the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) allows faster magnetization switching in picoseconds. The operation of a memory cell that consists of the MTJ and a transistor requires reversable…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2024-11-12 Zhuo Xu , Zhengping Yuan , Xue Zhang , Zhengde Xu , Yixiao Qiao , Yumeng Yang , Zhifeng Zhu

Spin-orbit torque (SOT) magnetization switching of ferromagnets with large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy has a great potential for the next-generation non-volatile magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM). It requires a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-03-08 Tuo Fan , Nguyen Huynh Duy Khang , Soichiro Nakano , Pham Nam Hai

Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are key enablers of spintronic technologies used in a variety of applications including information storage, microwave generation and detection, as well as unconventional computing. Here, we present…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-12 Andrea Meo , Chengcen Sha , Emily Darwin , Riccardo Tomasello , Mario Carpentieri , Ilya N. Krivorotov , Giovanni Finocchio

A model of superconducting computer memory exploiting the orthogonal spin transfer (OST) in the pseudospin valve (PS) that is controlled by the three-terminal Josephson superconducting-ferromagnetic transistor (SFT) is developed. The…

Superconductivity · Physics 2019-07-16 Serhii E. Shafraniuk , Ivan P. Nevirkovets , Oleg A. Mukhanov

We introduce a minimal interface-scattering mechanism that produces a sizable anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) in metal/ferromagnet bilayers (e.g., Pt/YIG) without invoking bulk spin or orbital Hall currents. In a $\delta$-layer model…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-17 Ivan Iorsh , Mikhail Titov

The thermal spin-transfer torque (TSTT) is an effect to switch the magnetic free layer in a magnetic tunnel junction by a temperature gradient only. We present ab initio calculations of the TSTT. In particular, we discuss the influence of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-17 Christian Heiliger , Michael Czerner