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We present a measurement of the Hubble constant $H_0$ using the gravitational wave (GW) event GW190814, which resulted from the coalescence of a 23 $M_\odot$ black hole with a 2.6 $M_\odot$ compact object, as a standard siren. No compelling…

We show how the distances to binary black holes measured in gravitational wave observations with ground-based interferometers can be used to constrain the redshift-distance relation and, thereby, measure the Hubble constant ($H_0$).…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-05 Remya Nair , Sukanta Bose , Tarun Deep Saini

The first detections of gravitational waves from binary neutron star mergers with advanced LIGO and Virgo observatories are anticipated in the next five years. These detections could pave the way for multi-messenger gravitational-wave (GW)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2014-03-05 Chad Hanna , Ilya Mandel , Will Vousden

Gravitational waves (GWs) from the compact binary coalescence provide direct measurement of the luminosity distance to the event. However, unlike binary neutron stars, redshift information is not available from GW observations of binary…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-03 Tathagata Ghosh , Surhud More

Gravitational wave (GW) sources are an excellent probe of the luminosity distance and offer a novel measure of the Hubble constant, $H_0$. This estimation of $H_0$ from standard sirens requires an accurate estimation of the cosmological…

Gravitational wave observations can be combined with galaxy catalogs to constrain cosmology and test modified gravity theories using the standard siren method. However, galaxy catalogs are intrinsically incomplete due to observational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-11 Nicola Borghi , Michele Moresco , Matteo Tagliazucchi , Giulia Cuomo

Gravitational wave (GW) standard sirens have the potential to measure the Hubble constant $H_0$ in the local universe independently of the distance ladder, and thus offer unique new insights into the Hubble tension. A key challenge with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-24 Jiaming Pan , Dragan Huterer , Camille Avestruz , Damon H. T. Cheung , Emery Trott , Neal Dalal , Donghui Jeong

Gravitational waves (GWs) offer an alternative way to measure the Hubble parameter. The optimal technique, the ``bright siren'' approach, requires the identification of an electromagnetic counterpart. However, a significant fraction of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-18 Marios Kalomenopoulos , Riccardo Barbieri , Sadegh Khochfar , Jonathan Gair , Robert J. McGibbon

Gravitational-wave cosmology began in 2017 with the observation of the gravitational waves emitted in the merger of two neutron stars, and the coincident observation of the electromagnetic emission that followed. Although only a $30\%$…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-03 Deep Chatterjee , Abhishek Hegade K. R. , Gilbert Holder , Daniel E. Holz , Scott Perkins , Kent Yagi , Nicolás Yunes

Gravitational wave standard sirens offer a promising avenue for cosmological inference, particularly in measuring the expansion history of the universe. Traditionally, bright sirens require an electromagnetic counterpart to determine the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-05 Ignacio Magaña Hernandez , Antonella Palmese

In this paper, we present the application of a new method measuring Hubble parameter $H(z)$ by using the anisotropy of luminosity distance($d_{L}$) of the gravitational wave(GW) standard sirens of neutron star(NS) binary system. The method…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-13 Tong-Jie Zhang , Yang Liu , Zhi-E Liu , Hao-Yi Wan , Ting-Ting Zhang , Bao-Quan Wang

Gravitational waves (GWs) from merging compact objects encode direct information about the luminosity distance to the binary. When paired with a redshift measurement, this enables standard-siren cosmology: a Hubble diagram can be…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-26 Amanda M. Farah , Thomas A. Callister , Jose María Ezquiaga , Michael Zevin , Daniel E. Holz

We present a test of the statistical method introduced by Bernard F. Shutz in 1986 using only gravitational waves to infer the Hubble constant ($\text{H}_0$) from GW190814, the first high-probability neutron-star--black-hole (NS-BH) merger…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-04 Sergiy Vasylyev , Alex Filippenko

We present a new measurement of the Hubble constant ($H_0$) resulting from the first joint analysis of standard sirens with weak gravitational lensing and galaxy clustering observables comprising three two-point correlation functions…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-13 Felipe Andrade-Oliveira , David Sanchez-Cid , Danny Laghi , Marcelle Soares-Santos

In this paper, we present a new method of measuring Hubble parameter($H(z)$), making use of the anisotropy of luminosity distance($d_{L}$), and the analysis of gravitational wave(GW) of neutron star(NS) binary system. The method has never…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-24 Liu Yang , Hao-Yi Wan , Tong-Jie Zhang , Tang Yanke

Spectral-sirens inference enables the extraction of cosmological parameters from gravitational-wave data alone, without electromagnetic counterparts or galaxy catalogs. We introduce new parametric mass functions for the binary black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-10 Tom Bertheas , Vasco Gennari , Danièle Steer , Nicola Tamanini

Advancements in cosmology through next-generation ground-based gravitational wave observatories will bring in a paradigm shift. We explore the pivotal role that gravitational-wave standard sirens will play in inferring cosmological…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-17 Hsin-Yu Chen , Jose María Ezquiaga , Ish Gupta

The detection of gravitational waves (GW) with an electromagnetic counterpart enabled the first Hubble Constant $H_0$ measurement through the standard siren method. Current constraints suggest that $\sim 20-30\%$ of LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA (LVK)…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-20 Clecio R. Bom , Antonella Palmese

Third-generation (3G) gravitational wave detectors, in particular Einstein Telescope (ET) and Cosmic Explorer (CE), will explore unprecedented cosmic volumes in search for compact binary mergers, providing us with tens of thousands of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-09-06 Niccolò Muttoni , Danny Laghi , Nicola Tamanini , Sylvain Marsat , David Izquierdo-Villalba

Gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences (CBCs) can constrain the cosmic expansion of the universe. In the absence of an associated electromagnetic counterpart, the spectral sirens method exploits the relation between the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-20 Grégoire Pierra , Simone Mastrogiovanni , Stéphane Perriès , Michela Mapelli